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Anatomy & Physiology > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

pons and medulla oblongata centers

A

pons = respiration

medulla oblongata = respiratory and cardiovascular

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2
Q

intellect, cognition recall, personality is in

A

prefrontal cortex

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3
Q

brocas area =

wernikes area =

A 
brocas = speech
wernike = understand written & spoken language
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4
Q

brocas are is in the ___ lobe

A

parietal

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5
Q

visual association area functions (2) damage?

A

associate spelling with image
recognize objects
can see but cannot comprehend

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6
Q

voluntary muscle movement occurs in the

A

cerebellum

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7
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

circadian rhythm for sleep

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8
Q

transection between T1 and L1

vs

Cord transection in the cervical area

A

paraplegia

quadriplegia

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9
Q

flaccid paralysis is damage in the ___ neuron of the ___

spastic paralysis is damage in the ___ of the ___

A

lower motor neuron of the ventral horn

upper motor neuron of the primary motor cortex

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10
Q

bells palsy is damage in the __th nerve

A

7

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11
Q

what are the 10 functions of the hypothalamus

A
  1. Regulates sleep-wake cycles. Suprachiasmatic nucleus (biological clock)
  2. Thirst centers.
  3. Controls electrolytes and ions
  4. Regulates body temperature
  5. Autonomic control center for many visceral functions
  6. Produces hormones
  7. Controls the Endocrine system
  8. Blood pressure, rate and force of heartbeat,
  9. hunger center
  10. respiration
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12
Q

parkinsons is the ___ of the nuclei. it does/not have lots of dopamine

huntington/schizophrenia is the ___ of the nuclei it does/not have lots of dopamine

A

parkinsons = overactive nuclei, lots of dopamine

huntington = deterioration nuclei, low dopamine

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13
Q

worksheet - acronym for order of nerves & if they are mixed/sensory/motor

A
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14
Q

shallow groove

A

sulcus

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15
Q

order of the meninges and space in between

A 
epidural space
dura mater
subdural space
arachnoid
subarachnoid space
pia mater
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16
Q

cell bodies are (color) and myelinated axons are (color)

A

cell bodies = grey

axons = white

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17
Q

In the CNS
inside = (color)
outside =

In the PNS
inside =
outside =

A

In the CNS
inside = white
outside = grey

In the PNS
inside = grey
outside = white

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18
Q

In the CNS
cell bodies =
bundles of axons =

In the PNS
cell bodies =
bundles of axons =

A

In the CNS
cell bodies = nuclei
bundles of axons = tract

In the PNS
cell bodies = ganglia
bundles of axons = nerves

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19
Q

what are the 3 organs of the brain stem?

A

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

20
Q

The primary auditory cortex is located in

A

temporal lobe

21
Q

What are the diencephalon structures? (11)

A

Thalamus

  • Hypothalamus
  • posterior pituitary gland
  • mamillary bodies
  • pineal gland
  • choroid plexus of the third ventricle
  • optic nerve
  • optic chiasma
  • optic tract
  • Retina
  • infundibulum
22
Q

the L and R cerebral hemispheres are connected by

A

corpus callosum

23
Q

all sensory info is first relayed here

A

thalamus

24
Q

function of the reticular formation

A

alertness

25
Q

can trace picture but cannot recognize it. damage in the

A

visual association area

26
Q

lymbic system function

A

emotion regulation

27
Q

meningitis - usually in which layers?

A

inflammation of the meninges, usually in the pia & arachnoid mater

28
Q

what is the function of the gyri and sulci?

A

increase SA

29
Q

is cerebral cortex white or grey mater

A

grey

30
Q

pituitary gland is related to the ___ thru the ___

A

hypothalamus, infundibulum

31
Q

dorsal horn
lateral horn
ventral horn
contains what?

A 
dorsal = interneurons
lateral = visceral motor neurons
ventral = somatic motor neuronss
32
Q

spinothalmic tract is ascending or descending tract

A

ascending

33
Q

lumbar punture is done below

A

L2

34
Q

PNS consists of 31 ___ and 12 ___ nerves

A

31 spinal, 12 cranial

35
Q

polio affects the ___ and results in spastic/flaccid paralysis

A

ventral grey horn (lower motor neurons)

flaccid paralysis

36
Q

flaccid paralysis is damage in the upper/lower motor neurons

A

lower motor neuron

37
Q

there are no ___ in CSF

A

RBC

38
Q

this nerve bypasses the thalamus

A

olfactory

39
Q

gustatory is which location of brain

A

insula

40
Q

intelligence, abstract thinking in the ___ lobe

A

frontal

41
Q

function of the occipital lobe

A

vision

42
Q

the pyramidal tract (corticospinal) originates in the ___

A

cortex

43
Q

helps maintain brains stable enviornment

A

blood brain barrier

44
Q

hydrocephalus in adutls are critical because

A

bones dont expand so increases in cranial pressure damages the brain

45
Q

language/math is dominant in which hemisphere

A

left

46
Q

ascending pathways end in the

A

somatosensory cortex

Anatomy & Physiology (23 decks)

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