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Anatomy > 11. Upper Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

11. Upper Extremity Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles that act on the scapula

A

Trapezius, Rhomboids, Levator scapulae, Pectoralis minor, and Serratus anterior

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2
Q

OIA of trapezius

A

Origin: external occipital protuberance, and
spinous processes of vertebrae
Insertion: scapular spine, acromion, and distal
clavicle
Action: elevates, depresses, adducts scapula

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3
Q

OIA of rhomboids

A

Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Action: adducts scapula

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4
Q

OIA of levator scapulae

A

Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: superior angle of scapula
Action: elevate scapula

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5
Q

OIA of pectoralis minor

A

Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process of
scapula
Action: abducts and depress
scapula

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6
Q

OIA of serratus anterior

A

Origin: ribs 1-8
Insertion: medial border of
scapula
Action: abduct scapula

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7
Q

Muscles that act on the arm

A

Flexors: Pectoralis major and Coracobrachialis
Extensors: Latissimus dorsi and Teres major
Abductor: Deltoid (& Supraspinatus)
Rotator cuff (“SITS”): Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis

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8
Q

OIA of Pectoralis major

A

Origin: sternum and clavicle
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: flex, adduct arm at shoulder

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9
Q

OIA of Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: proximal humerus
Action: flex and adduct arm at
shoulder

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10
Q

OIA of latissimus dorsi

A

Origin: spinous processes of thoracic and
lumbar vertebrae and posterior iliac crest
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: extend, adduct arm at shoulder

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11
Q

OIA of Teres major

A

Origin: inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: extend, adduct arm at shoulder

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12
Q

OIA of deltoid

A

Origin: scapular spine, acromion, clavicle
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: abduct, flex, extend arm at shoulder

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13
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

4 muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

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14
Q

OIA of Rotator cuff muscles

A

Origin:
• Supraspinatus: supraspinous fossa of scapula
• Infraspinatus: infraspinous fossa of scapula
• Teres minor: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action:
• Supraspinatus- abduct arm at shoulder
• Infraspinatus & teres minor: laterally rotate arm
at shoulder

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15
Q

OIA of subscapularis

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: medially rotate arm at shoulder

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16
Q

Muscles that act on the forearm

A

Anterior compartment (of arm)
• Biceps brachii
• Brachialis
• Brachioradialis (in forearm, mostly)
Posterior compartment (of arm)
• Triceps brachii
Rotators (in forearm)
• Pronator teres
• Pronator quadratus
• Supinator

17
Q

OIA of biceps brachii

A

Origin:
• Long head: superior glenoid tubercle
• Short head: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: radial tuberosity of radius
• Note: this muscle spans two joints
Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate; flex arm at shoulder

18
Q

OIA of brachialis

A

Origin: distal humerus
Insertion: coronoid process of ulna
Action: flex forearm at elbow

19
Q

OIA of brachioradialis

A

Origin: distal lateral humerus
Insertion: styloid process of radius
Action: flex forearm at elbow

20
Q

OIA of triceps brachii

A

Origin:
• Lateral head: lateral surface of humerus
• Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
• Medial head: posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
• Note: this muscle spans two joints
Action: extend forearm at elbow; extend arm at shoulder

21
Q

OIA of Pronators (anterior comp.)

A

Origin: ulna
Insertion: radius
Action: pronates forearm

22
Q

OIA of Supinator (posterior comp.)

A

Origin: proximal ulna
Insertion: proximal radius
Action: supinates forearm

23
Q

Muscles that act on the hand and fingers

A

Anterior compartment (flexor)
• Superficial group
• Deep group
Posterior compartment (extensor)
• Superficial group
• Deep group

24
Q

OIA of forearm flexors (anterior)

A

Origin:
• Superficial: medial epicondyle of humerus
• Deep: Ulna and radius
Insertion: carpals and phalanges of hand
Action: flex wrist, fingers, & thumb

25
Q

OIA of forearm extensors (posterior)

A

Origin:
• Superficial: lateral epicondyle of humerus
• Deep: Ulna and radius
Insertion: carpals and phalanges of the hand
Action: extend wrist, fingers, & thumb; abduct
thumb

26
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

19 muscles in all

27
Q

Name of thumb muscles

A

Thenar

28
Q

Name of 5th digit (little fingers) muscles

A

Hypothenar

Anatomy (29 decks)

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