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Biology 2 > Chapter 33: Animal Groups Summary > Flashcards

Chapter 33: Animal Groups Summary Flashcards

1
Q

Lack tissues; have choanocytes

A

Porifera

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2
Q

Have collar cells

A

Porifera

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3
Q

Flagellated cells that ingest bacteria and tiny food particles

A

Collar cells

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4
Q

Sponges

A

Porifera

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5
Q

Hydras, jellies, sea anemones, corals

A

Cnidaria

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6
Q

Unique stinging structures (__________) housed in specialized cells (___________)

A

Cnidaria
Nematocysts
Cnidocytes

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7
Q

Diploblastic

A

Cnidaria

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8
Q

Radially symmetrical

A

Cnidaria

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9
Q

Digestive compartment with a single opening

A

Cnidaria
Gastrovascular cavity

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10
Q

Flatworms

A

Platyhelminthes

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11
Q

No body cavity

A

Platyhelminthes

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12
Q

Dorsoventrally flattened

A

Platyhelminthes

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13
Q

Gastrovascular cavity or no digestive tract

A

Platyhelminthes

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14
Q

What 2 Phylum ONLY have a Hemocoel?

A

Syndermata (Lophotrochozoa)
Nematoda (Ecdysozoa)

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15
Q

What 5 Phylum have Coelom?

A

Ectoprocta (Lophotrochozoa)
Brachiopoda (Lophotrochozoa)
Annelida (Lophotrochozoa)
Echinodermata (Deuterostomia)
Chordata (Deuterostomia)

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16
Q

What are the 6 Phylum of Lophotrochozoa?

A

Platyhelminthes
Syndermata
Ectoprocta
Brachiopoda
Mollusca
Annelida

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17
Q

Rotifers and Acanthocephalans

A

Syndermata

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18
Q

Digestive tube with mouth and anus

A

Alimentary canal

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19
Q

Have an alimentary canal

A

Rotifers (Syndermata)

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20
Q

Have jaws (trophi)

A

Rotifers (Syndermata)

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21
Q

Are parasites of vertebrates

A

Acanthocephalans (Syndermata)

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22
Q

Feeding structures bearing ciliated tentacles

A

Lophophores

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23
Q

Have lophophores and coelom

A

Ectoprocta and Brachiopoda

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24
Q

Clams, snails, and squid

A

Mollusca

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25
Q

What 2 phylum have a Hemocoel and a reduced coelom

A

Mollusca (Lophotrochozoa)
Arthropoda (Ecdysozoa)

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26
Q

What are the three main body parts of Mollusca?

A

Muscular foot
Visceral mass
Mantle

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27
Q

Most have a hard shell made of calcium carbonate

A

Mollusca

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28
Q

Segmented worms

A

Annelida

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29
Q

Coelom; body wall and internal organs are segmented

A

Annelida

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30
Q

Unsegmented digestive tract

A

Annelida

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31
Q

Roundworms

A

Nematoda

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32
Q

Hemocoel; cylindrical body with tapered ends

A

Nematoda

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33
Q

No circulatory system

A

Nematoda

34
Q

Undergoes Ecdysis (molting it’s exoskeleton)

A

Nematoda

35
Q

Spiders, centipedes, crustaceans, and insects

A

Arthropoda

36
Q

Segmented body, jointed appendages, and exoskeleton made of protein and chitin

A

Arthropoda

37
Q

Sea stars and sea urchins

A

Echinodermata

38
Q

Bilaterally symmetrical larvae and 5 part body organization as adults

A

Echinodermata

39
Q

Unique water vascular system; endoskeleton

A

Echinodermata

40
Q

Lancelets, tunicates, vertebrates

A

Chordata

41
Q

Have notochord

A

Chordata

42
Q

Dorsal, hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits; post-anal tail

A

Chordata

43
Q

Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, and Deuterostomia

A

Bilateria

44
Q

Captures particles suspended in the water the passes through its body

A

Filter feeder

45
Q

Central cavity of sponges

A

Spongocoel

46
Q

Water flows out of sponges central cavity through the

A

Osculum

47
Q

Sponge cell types

A

Choanocytes
Amoebocytes

48
Q

Flagellated collar cells; engulf bacteria and food particles by phagocytosis

A

Choanocytes

49
Q

Gelatinous region in sponges that separates the two layers of cells in the body

A

Mesohyl

50
Q

Totipotent cell within the mesohyl that digest food, transport nutrients, and make skeletal fibers

A

Amoebocytes

51
Q

Sac with a central digestive compartment

A

Gastrovascular cavity

52
Q

Two variations of the Cnidarian body plan

A

Polyp
Medusa

53
Q

Adhere to the substrate by the aboral end of the body (the opposite end of the mouth)

A

Polyps

54
Q

Free-swimming form that has a bell shaped body with a mouth on the underside

A

Medusa

55
Q

Tentacles are armed with ___________, unique cells used in defense to capture prey

A

Cnidocytes

56
Q

Are specialized organelles within cnidocytes that eject a stinging thread

A

Nematocysts

57
Q

Alternate between polyp and Medusa forms

A

Hydrozoans (Obelia)

58
Q

Exists only in polyp form

A

Hydra

59
Q

In flatworms, a network of tubules with ciliated structures called flame bulbs

A

Protonephridia

60
Q

Used for movement

A

Muscular foot

61
Q

Containing most of the internal organs

A

Visceral mass

62
Q

A fold of tissue draping over the visceral mass that secretes the shell

A

Mantle

63
Q

Houses the gills, anus and excretory pores

A

Mantle cavity

64
Q

Scrape up food

A

Radula

65
Q

Animals with a cuticle

A

Ecdysozoans

66
Q

Cuticle is shed during “molting”

A

Ecdysis (molting)

67
Q

2 largest of Ecdysozoans

A

Nematodes and arthropods

68
Q

Used for locomotion, and as gills in Errantians

A

Parapodia

69
Q

Chelicerates are named or clawlike feeding appendages called

A

Chelicerae

70
Q

In most spiders, gas exchange is carried out by _________ _______, stacked plate like structures

A

Book lungs

71
Q

Live as sessile colonies covered by tough exoskeletons

A

Bryozoans (Ectoprocts)

72
Q

Superficially resemble clams and other molluscs; have a unique stalk anchoring them to a substrate and a lophophore

A

Lamp shells (Brachiopods)

73
Q

Reduces water loss and prevents desiccation

A

Exoskeleton

74
Q

Provides structural support without the buoyancy of water

A

Exoskeleton

75
Q

What are the 4 major clades of Molluscs

A

Polyplacophora (chitons)
Gastropoda (snail and slugs)
Bivalvia (clams, oysters, and other bivalves)
Cephalopoda (squids, octopi, cuttlefish)

76
Q

Have no distinct head or radula

A

Bivalves

77
Q

3 lineages of Arthropods

A

Chelicerates (sea spiders, horseshoe crabs, scorpions, ticks, mites, and spiders)
Myriapods (centipedes and millipedes)
Pancrustaceans (insects, lobsters, shrimp, barnacles)

78
Q

Have poisonous claws; carnivores

A

Centipedes (Myriapods — Arthropods)

79
Q

Function in touch and smell in Arthropods

A

Eyes, olfactory receptors, and antennae

80
Q

Functions in gas exchange in insects

A

Spiracles

81
Q

Network of hydraulic canals, in Echinoderms, branches into tube feet that function in locomotion and feeding

A

Water vascular system

82
Q

Found in the mesohyl of the sponge

A

Amoebocytes and spicules

Biology 2 (33 decks)

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