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ZOO 201 (LAB) > Muscle Tissues > Flashcards

Muscle Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

characterized by long fibrous cells that allow movement of the organism

A

muscular tissues

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2
Q

muscles may be located ______ or attached to the _____

A
  • internally
  • skeleton
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3
Q

a special type of muscle

A

heart

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4
Q

classification of muscles based on the location

A
  • skeletal muscles
  • smoot muscles
  • cardiac muscles
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5
Q

muscle that is specifically found in the heart and are striated

A

cardiac muscle

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6
Q

muscle that lines the internal organs and are unstriated

A

smooth muscles

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7
Q

muscles that are attached to the bone and are striated

A

skeletal muscles

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8
Q

classification of muscles (based on action)

A
  • voluntary muscles
  • involuntary muscles
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9
Q

muscles wherein movement is conscious

A

voluntary muscles

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10
Q

muscles wherein movement is unconscious

A

involuntary muscles

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11
Q

examples of involuntary movement

A
  • digestion
  • pumping of the blood by the heart
  • peristaltic movement of the esophagus
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12
Q

location of the skeletal muscles

A

attached to the skeleton

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13
Q

location of the smooth muscles

A

walls of viscera

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14
Q

location of the cardiac muscles

A

wall of heart

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15
Q

number of nuclei per cell of the skeletal muscles

A

many

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16
Q

number of nuclei per cell of the smooth and cardiac muscle

A

one

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17
Q

muscles wherein the nuclei is central

A
  • smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle
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18
Q

position of nuclei in skeletal muscles

A

peripheral

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19
Q

muscle that has the most rapid contraction

A

skeletal muscle

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20
Q

muscle that has the slowest contraction

A

smooth muscle

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21
Q

speed of contraction of the cardiac muscle

A

intermediate

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22
Q

muscle that has the greatest ability to remain contracted

A

smooth muscle

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23
Q

muscle that has the least ability to remain contracted

A

skeletal muscle

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24
Q

muscle wherein contraction is intermediate

A

cardiac musce

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25
Q

the type of control in these muscles are involuntary

A

smooth & cardiac muscle

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26
Q

muscle that is voluntary

A

skeletal muscles

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27
Q

tissue that is composed of the main cells called the neurons and their supporting cells called the neuroglia

A

nervous tissue

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28
Q

5 important functions of the nervous tissues

A
  • sensation
  • receiving information
  • transporting of info to the CNS
  • processing of info
  • providing the correct response mechanisms
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29
Q

nervous tissues help in maintaining the level of acidity by ________

A

regulating secretions by peripheral glands and by the stomach itself

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30
Q

2 properties of muscles tissues

A
  • contractility
  • conductility
31
Q

3 types of muscle tissues (based on morphology and functions)

A
  • striated skeletal muscle
  • striated cardiac muscle
  • smooth / visceral muscle
32
Q

voluntary type of muscle that is controlled at will

A

striated skeletal muscle

33
Q

basic contractile unit that consists of thick myosin cross-bridges that enable the sliding of the thin contractile actin filaments or isotropic bands toward the H-zone

A

sacromere

34
Q

protective connective tissue that surrounds the striated skeletal muscle in cross-section

A

epimysium

35
Q

epimysium extends as ____ connective tissues that surround bundles of muscle fibers or muscle cells

A

interfascicular

36
Q

extends as the endomysium that immediately surrounds each muscle fiber

A

perimysium

37
Q

in the longitudinal section, a striated skeletal muscle looks like bundles of ______ with alternating light and dark bands

A

cylindrical fibers

38
Q

involuntary type of muscle whose contraction is initiated by neuromyogenic tissues

A

striated cardiac muscle

39
Q

a non-striated involuntary muscle found in all organs of the viscera except the heart

A

smooth visceral muscle

40
Q

unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment

A

nerve tissue cells2m

40
Q

unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment

A

nerve tissue cells2m

41
Q

unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment

A

nerve tissue cells

42
Q

2 main division of the NS

A
  • CNS
  • PNS
43
Q

main division of the NS that includes the nerves as well as the cranial and spinal nerves, and the nerves of the autonomic division that serve the organs of the viscera

A

peripheral nervous system

44
Q

main division consisting of brain and spinal cord ; acts as command centers of the body

A

central nervous system

45
Q

2 functions of the PNS

A
  • collect stimuli
  • transmit impulses from the CNS to the effector organs
46
Q

3 functions of the CNS

A
  • processes, integrates, and interprets stimuli
47
Q

unit structure of the nervous system

A

neuron or nerve cell

48
Q

described as having the ability to conduct electrochemical impulses

A

nerve tissue cells

49
Q

nerve cell body

A

soma or perikaryon

50
Q

the neuron or nerve cell consists of:

A
  • nerve cell body (soma or perikaryon)
  • protoplasmic processes (axon or efferent process)
  • dendrite or afferent process
51
Q

the soma is found in the _____ of the brain and spinal cord as well as areas like the _______ of the brain

A
  • gray matter
  • deep nuclei
52
Q

the _____ bundles up together and extend from the CNS as tracts, and as nerves from the PNS

A

axons

53
Q

what do you call a neuron wherein their nerve cell bodies are among those in the gray matter of the CNS that process stimuli, and then send commands via their efferent processes or axons to the motor division of the PNS

A

motor neurons

54
Q

neurons whose dendrites collect stimuli from body surfaces

A

sensory neurons

55
Q

aggregation of cells outside the CNS

A

ganglia

56
Q

supporting nerve cells that serve as delicate packing for the neurons of the CNS and PNS

A

glial cells or neuroglia

57
Q

_____ include the astrocytes that serve as blood brain barriers

A

glial cells

58
Q

_____ act as immune cells of the CNS

A

microglia

59
Q

______ produce the myelin fibers of the axons brain and spinal cord nerve bodies and the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord

A

oligodendrocytes

60
Q

fatty material produce by schwann cells

A

myelin sheath

61
Q

according to the number of processes, neurons can be:

A
  • unipolar
  • bipolar
  • multipolar
62
Q

neurons that have only one protoplasmic process as in the unpolar cells of the dorsal sensory ganglion

A

unipolar

63
Q

neurons that are numerous in the CNS, particularly gray matter of the spinal cord and the cortex of the cerebrum

A

multipolar

64
Q

neurons that have one axon and one dendrite as those found in the rods & cones of the retina

A

bipolar

65
Q

bundle of axons or nerve fibers

A

nerve

66
Q

a ________ is protected by a perineurium

A

nerve fascicle

67
Q

______ threads immediately protect each myelinated axon, as they occur just around the neurilemma, which is the plasma membrane of the neuron

A

endoneurial

68
Q

______ extend from the perineurium to the areas around and between the fascicles

A

interfascicular

69
Q

________ protects the entire nerve

A

epineurium

70
Q

gaps where no myelin is deposited

A

nodes of ranvier

71
Q

this is possible through the nosed of ranvier

A

saltatory transmission of neurochemical impulses

72
Q

the ______ of the spinal cord consists of numerous myelinated axons and various kinds of supportive nerve cells or neuroglia

A

white matter

73
Q

this is inner to the white matter and has numerous cell bodies among which are giant motor neurons along the ventral horn of the spinal cord

A

gray matter

ZOO 201 (LAB) (14 decks)

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