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ZOO 201 (LAB) > Frog Endoskeleton > Flashcards

Frog Endoskeleton Flashcards

1
Q

10 bones of the dorsal surface of the skull

A
  • premaxillae
  • maxillae
  • quadratojugals
  • fronto-parietals
  • spenethmoid
  • nasals
  • prootics
  • squamosals
  • exoccipitals
  • occipital condocytes
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2
Q

most anterior pair of teeth-bearing bones which form the tip of the upper jaw

A

premaxillae

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3
Q

pair of teeth-bearing bones posterior to the premaxillae

A

maxillae

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4
Q

the maxillae form the _____ and _____ segment of the upper jaw

A

largest and middle

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5
Q

pair of toothless short bones posterior to the maxillae

A

quadratojugals

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6
Q

pair of slender bones forming most of the roof of the skull and united at the median line by the sagittal suture

A

fronto-parietals

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7
Q

small squarish bone anterior to frontoparietal

A

spenethmoid

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8
Q

pair of triangular bones anterior to spenethmoid, covering the nasal structures

A

nasals

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9
Q

pair of ring-like projections on each side of the skull posterior to the frontoparietals

A

prootics

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10
Q

pair of T-shaped bones lateral to the prootics whose longer ends extend outward and backward to the lower jaw

A

squamosals

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11
Q

short bones surrounding a large opening at the posterior boundary of the skull

A

exoccipitals

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12
Q

rounded prominences on each exoccipital bones

A

occipital condyles

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13
Q

5 bones on the ventral surface of the skull

A
  • parasphenoid
  • spenethmoid
  • vomers
  • palatines
  • pterygoids
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14
Q

dagger-shaped bone that forms the floor of the skull

A

parasphenoid

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15
Q

bone at the anterior end of the parasphenoid seen in the dorsal surface

A

spenethmoid

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16
Q

two flat wing-shaped and teeth-bearing bones just posterior to the premaxillae

A

vomers

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17
Q

pair of slender rod-like bones extending laterally from the anterior end f the spenthomoid to the maxillae

A

palatines

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18
Q

pair of three-rayed bone joined to the prootics, squamosals and maxillae

A

pterygoids

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19
Q

3 bones to the lower jaw

A
  • mentomeckelian
  • dentary
  • angulosplenial
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20
Q

anterior bone that unites the two halves of the jaw

A

mentomeckelian

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21
Q

middle bone

A

dentary

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22
Q

posterior bone

A

angulosplenial

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23
Q

5 hyoid cartilage

A
  • body
  • alary processes
    anterior cornua
  • thyroi processes
  • posterior cornua
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24
Q

large central portion

A

body

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25
Q

pair of expanded plates at the anterior end of the body

A

alary processes

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26
Q

anterior pair of horns extending to the prootics

A

anterior cornua

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27
Q

pair of posterior ossified extensions of the body which helps support the larynx

A

thyroid processes

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28
Q

pair of shorter horns lateral to the thyroid processes

A

posterior cornua

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29
Q

4 vertebral column

A
  • atlas
  • typical vertebrae
  • sacral vertebrae
  • urostyle
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30
Q

first vertebra; most anterior without transverse processes; articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull

A

atlas

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31
Q

second to eight vertebrae

A

typical vertebrae

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32
Q

ninth vertebra with two long transverse processes extending backward and articulating with the pelvic girdle

A

sacral vertebra

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33
Q

tenth terminal vertebra slender with a dorsal keel articulating anteriorly with the sacral vertebra

A

urostyle

34
Q

7 parts of the typical vertebra

A
  • centrum
  • neural arch
  • neural canal
  • neural spine
  • transverse processes
  • prezygapophyses
  • postzygapophyses
35
Q

ventral spool-like base or body concave anteriorly and convex posteriorly

A

centrum

36
Q

pair of dorsolateral projection on the centrum fused with middorsally

A

neural arch

37
Q

cavity enclosed by neural arch

A

neural canal

38
Q

caudally directed projections on the middorsal part of the neuralarch

A

neural spine

39
Q

pair of elongated processes which extend at right angles to the centrum

A

transverse processes

40
Q

pair of articulating processes at the anterior end of the neural arch

A

prezygapohyses

41
Q

pair of articulating processes a the posterior end of the neural arch

A

postzygapophyses

42
Q

five long cylindrical bones of the sole articulating with and poserior to the tarsals

A

metatarsals

43
Q

bones of the toes consisting of smaller pieces of bones arranged linearly, posterior to the metatarsals

A

phalanges

44
Q

rudimentary bone that supports the prehallux

A

calcar

45
Q

5 parts of the pectoral girdle

A
  • suprascapula
  • scapula
  • clavicle
  • coracoid
  • epicoracoid
46
Q

distal flat expanded cartilage forming the dorsal portion of the girdle

A

suprascapula

47
Q

smaller piece of bone articulating with the suprascapula

A

scapula

48
Q

collarbone; slender bone anteromedial to the scapula

A

clavicle

49
Q

bone flared at the medial end posteromedial to the scapula

A

coracoid

50
Q

cartilage at the proximal ends of the clavicle and coracoid

A

epicoracoid

51
Q

4 parts of the sternum

A
  • omosternum
  • episternum
  • mesosternum
  • xiphisternum
52
Q

tapered bone attached posteriorly to the epicoracoid

A

omosternum

53
Q

flat slightly circular cartilage at the anterior tip of the omosternum

A

episternum

54
Q

bony rod; posterior counterpart of the omosternum correspondingly connected to the epicoracoid

A

mesosternum

55
Q

thin heart-shaped cartilage; posterior counterpart of the episternum at the tip of the mesosternum

A

xiphestermum

56
Q

4 parts of the pelvic girdle

A
  • illium
  • ischium
  • pubis
  • acetabulum
57
Q

anterior slender bone articulating with the transverse processes of the sacral vertebra

A

ilium

58
Q

short posterior bone on the dorsal side of the girdle

A

ischium

59
Q

triangular cartilage on the ventral side of the girdle

A

pubis

60
Q

cup-like depression formed at the area of union of the ilium, ischium and pubis

A

acetabulum

61
Q

5 parts of the anterior limb

A
  • humerus
  • radioulna
  • carpus
  • metacarpals
  • phalanges
62
Q

bone of the upper arm

A

humerus

63
Q

bone of the forearm

A

radioulna

64
Q

bones of the wrist consisting of two rows of six small bones

A

carpus

65
Q

bones of the palm consisting of four slender bones and the rudiment of the thumb

A

metacarpals

66
Q

bones of the fingers consisting of small pieces of bones arranged linearly

A

phalanges

67
Q

6 parts of the posterior limbs

A
  • femur
  • tibiofibula
  • tarsals
  • metatarsals
  • phalanges
  • calcar
68
Q

bone of the thigh

A

femur

69
Q

bone of the shank posterior to the femur

A

tibiofibula

70
Q

bones of the ankle consisting of two rows of bones posterior to the tibiofibula

A

tarsals

71
Q

calcaneum =

A

outer

72
Q

astralagus =

A

inner

73
Q

flat cartilaginous structure that serves as attachments of muscles which move the tongue

A

hyoid apparatus

74
Q

composed of bony and cartilaginous parts

A

pectoral girdle

75
Q

space separating the clavicle and coracoid

A

fenestra

76
Q

cup-shaped depression between the clavicle, coracoid, and scapula

A

glenoid fossa

77
Q

middle crest of the humerus

A

deltoid ridge

78
Q

rounded ends of the humerus fits the

A

glenoid fossa

79
Q

head of the femur fits the

A

acetabulum

80
Q

two rows of bones of the tarsals

A
  • calcaneum
  • astralagus

ZOO 201 (LAB) (14 decks)

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