12.4 - Avian Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Although paired symmetrically positioned ovaries and oviducts are present during embryonic development, only the what ovary and oviduct develop to functional maturity in most avian species?

Answer 1

left ovary and oviduct

Question 2

Those on the right side of the body(ovary and oviduct) rapidly ? after hatching, remaining throughout life as rudimentary structures that may be filled with fluid.

Answer 2

regress

Question 3

Ovary is located craniodorsally in the what cavity?

Answer 3

intestinal peritoneal cavity

Question 4

At the time of ?, the ovary consists of a cortex and a medulla

Answer 4

hatching

Question 5

What contains the ovarian follicles, comprising oocytes surrounded by follicular epithelium?

Answer 5

cortex

Question 6

During the laying period, follicles in the ? grow to varying sizes. At a given point in time, most follicles have a diameter of approximately 5mm. Others mature fully, reaching up to 40mm in diameter

Answer 6

ovarian parenchyma

Question 7

What is the largest female gamete in the animal kingdom?

Answer 7

mature oocyte of birds

Question 8

What is connected to the ovary by a peduncle into which blood vessels, nerves and smooth muscle cells are drawn?

Answer 8

follicle

Question 9

The entire follicle is filled with a?

Answer 9

yolk

Question 10

The post-ovulatory follicle is capable of producing ?, thus functionally resembling the mammalian corpus luteum

Answer 10

progesterone

Question 11

► consists of a funnel-shaped proximal section and a tubular distal portion
► Fertilisation of the oocyte by the spermatozoa occurs in this segment.

Answer 11

Infundibulum

Question 12

glycoproteins and phospholipids secreted by the glands are laid down around the oocyte to form the?

Answer 12

chalaziferous layer

Question 13

glycoproteins and phospholipids secreted by the glands are laid down around the oocyte to form the chalaziferous layer. This inner dense layer of albumen later forms the, twisted ? that suspend the yolk as it rotates about its longitudinal axis

Answer 13

chalazae

Question 14

► the longest and broadest segment of the female genital tract

Answer 14

Magnum

Question 15

The glands in the magnum,produce ovalbumin, ovotransferrin and ovomucoid. These hygroscopic proteins form the main component of the ?, to which water is added in the uterus.

Answer 15

albumen

Question 16

The time spent by the oocyte (or zygote) in the magnum is approximately?

Answer 16

three hours

Question 17

The oocyte (or zygote) passes through the isthmus in around?

Answer 17

1.5 hours

Question 18

Isthmus secretory product, comprising particularly stable sulphur-containing keratin-type proteins, is unique to this segment of the oviduct and forms the?

Answer 18

inner and outer shell membranes

Question 19

What cells are later forms in the space between the inner and outer shell membranes, at the blunt end of the egg. More albumen is also added in the isthmus

Answer 19

air cell

Question 20

► sometimes also referred to as the ‘shell gland’

Answer 20

Uterus

Question 21

The final component of the albumen is laid down in the uterus, and the addition of a large amount of water substantially ‘plumps up’ the hygroscopic mix of proteins that make up the completed?

Answer 21

egg white

Question 22

The egg spends around 20 hours in the?

Answer 22

uterus

Question 23

The thin, organic outermost layer of the egg, known as the ?, is also derived from the uterus

Answer 23

cuticle

Question 24

Identify the reproductive organ characterized by the presence of tubular utero-vaginal sperm host glands that serve as storage sites for sperm near the sphincter at the junction between the uterus and the organ itself.

Answer 24

Vagina

Question 25

The time taken for the egg to pass through the vagina is highly variable with an average range of?

Answer 25

5–10 minutes