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Isolation Precautions Flashcards

1
Q

What is isolation?

A

Iso is the intentional separation & restriction of ill people with confirmed contagious, transmittable infection/disease

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2
Q

What are the basic principles of pt care in iso

A

Understand how disease is transmitted & what protection to use
Proper hand hygiene before & after help pt
Disposal of contaminated PPE & supplies
Protection of all that are at risk during transport of pt out of iso room

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3
Q

What makes up PPE?

A

Gowns
Masks
Eye protection
Gloves

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4
Q

What are the three modes of transmission?

A

Airborne
Droplet
Contact (most common)

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5
Q

How is PPE chosen?

A

Based on the method of transmission

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6
Q

How many Tiers are in the Determination Criteria?

A

2 tiers

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7
Q

What are does Tier 1 stand for?

A

Standard iso precautions

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8
Q

What do standard iso precautions protect?

A

ALL pt’s in ALL healthcare settings

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9
Q

What are the purpose of standard precautions?

A

To protect healthcare workers & pt’s from contact w/ infectious agents in recognized & unrecognized source of infection

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10
Q

What does Tier 2 stand for?

A

Expanded precautions

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11
Q

What do expanded precautions protect?

A

Pt’s who are or are suspected of being colonized w/ a contagious, transmissible pathogen

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12
Q

How do we prepare for Expanded Precautions on the unit?

A

Look for orders
Place iso cart
Single use equipment in room
Door sign
Pt & visitor restrictions
Notification of receiving unit if pt being transferred

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13
Q

Reasons for Contact Precaustions?

A

MDRO (Acinetobacter Pseudomonas, ESBLs, CREs, etc.), VRE, RSV, Shingles (limited area), Rotavirus, Lice, Scabies, Wounds w/no dressing or containment of drainage

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14
Q

Reasons for Special Contact Precautions?

A

C-diff or Diarrhea on admin

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15
Q

Reasons for Droplet Precautions?

A

Influenza (FLU), Pertussis, Bacterial Meningitis

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16
Q

Airborne (Neg. Air) Precautions for what diseases?

A

TB, Varicella (chicken pox), Measles (rubeola), Disseminated Shingles (widespread or immunocompromised pt)

17
Q

Contact Precautions: What is Direct contact?

A

Person to person

18
Q

Contact Precautions: What is Indirect contact?

A

Person to contaminated object to person

19
Q

How do we properly perform contact precautions?

A

Hand hygiene before entering room
Gown
Gloves
Hand hygiene after leaving the room

20
Q

How do we properly perform Special Precautions?

A

Hand hygiene (sanitizer) before entering room
Gown
Gloves
Wash hands with soap & water after leaving room

21
Q

How do we properly perform Droplet Precautions?

A

Hand hygiene before entering
Mask w/ or w/out eye shield
Hand hygiene after leaving

22
Q

How do we properly perform Airborne Precautions?

A

Hand hygiene before
N-95 mask
If pt is transported give them surgical mask
Put pt in negative air pressure room w/ door closed
Hand hygiene (wash or sanitizer) upon exit

23
Q

COVID Precautions/Specialized Respiratory Precautions: No Aerosolized Procedures

A

Contact & Droplet Iso
Hand hygiene before
Gown
N-95 + face shield
Gloves
Keep door closed
Hand hygiene after

24
Q

How do we transport special respiratory precaution pt’s that have no aerosol generating procedures?

A

Assist to chair/bed
Place clean linens on pt
Place surgical mask on pt
Use disinfecting wipes to clean chair/gurney
Remove PPE
Clean hands
transport pt

25
Q

COVID Precautions: Aerosolized Procedures

A

breathing treatments, mechanical vent, & airborne precautions
Hand hygiene before
Gown
N-95 + face shield
Gloves
Neg air pressure w/ closed door
hand hygiene upon exit

26
Q

How do we transport COVID Precautions: Aerosolized Procedures-Airborne?

A

Assist pt to chair/bed
Place clean linens
Place mask on pt
Use wipes on chair/bed bars that were touched
Remove PPE
Clean hands
Transport pt

27
Q

What are protective precautions used for?

A

To protect a pt that is immunocompromised from becoming infected

28
Q

Protective Precautions Procedures

A

Clean hands upon enter & exit of the room
Use standard precautions + dr orders
None enters room when they have an infection
Staff & visitors must be screeded

29
Q

What type of room do we put pt’s in when they are on protective precautions?

A

Positive pressure room

30
Q

Are fresh fruit & veggies allowed in a pt’s room who is on protective precautions & why?

A

No, because fruits & veggies serve as an environment for bacteria and other things to live on and grow

31
Q

How do we transport pt’s with protective precautions?

A

Clean chair/bed w/ bleach or hydrogen peroxide wipes
Follow any specific instructions from dr
Assist pt to clean chair/bed
Place mask on pt
Remove PPE prior to leaving the room
Clean/wash hands
Transport pt

32
Q

How do we treat the isolated pt & family?

A

Explain the Situation
Explain the Basics - Educate
Ease Concerns
Comfort & Reassure

33
Q

Don PPE

A

Gown, Mask, Googles (if needed), gloves

34
Q

Doff PPE

A

Gloves, Goggles, Gown, Mask
OR
Gown, goggles, gloves, mask.

35
Q

What is the clean areas on the PPE?

A

Inside & back of gown including, ties
inside gloves
ties of the mask

36
Q

What is dirty on the gown?

A

Outside front & sleeves
Outside of mask
Outside of gloves

im1 (18 decks)

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