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IM1 > Hygiene > Flashcards

Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

Why is skin so important?

A

it is essential to the health of the body

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2
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

protection
secretion
excretion
temp reg
sensation

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3
Q

What are other essential structures that we need to keep clean?

A

feet, hands, & nails

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4
Q

What should the normal nail look like?

A

transparent. smooth, convex
have a pink nail bed
translucent white tip

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5
Q

What can the condition of a pt’s hands & feet affect?

A

affects the ability to perform hygiene care

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6
Q

Why do we need to pay attention to the hands feet & nails?

A

so we can prevent infection, injury, and odor

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7
Q

What lines the mouth ?

A

mucous membranes

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8
Q

Is mucous in the mouth a sign of health

A

yes

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9
Q

What makes up normal mucosa?

A

light pink
soft
moist
smooth
no lesions

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10
Q

What abnormalities should we evaluate in the mouth?

A

xerostomia
gingivitis
dental caries

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11
Q

What is xerostomia?

A

dry mouth

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12
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

inflammation of the gums

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13
Q

What is dental caries?

A

tooth decay

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14
Q

What can impair salivary secretion?

A

meds
exposure to radiation
mouth breathing

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15
Q

How can hair reflect the general health status of a pt

A

via growth
distribution
pattern

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16
Q

how do good hygiene practices support the skin and other structures

A

support the function & stability

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17
Q

what else do good hygiene practices promote?

A

a positive self image
provide comfort

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18
Q

what do communication skills promote?

A

a therapeutic relationship

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19
Q

What can we assess when providing hygiene care

A

physical condition
emotional status
health promotion
health care edu

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20
Q

Can socioeconomic status affect the person’s ability to maintain good hygiene?

A

yes

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21
Q

what should we consider through the pt’s developmental stage?

A

changes through their progression of life
also special needs pt’s

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22
Q

How can the physical condition effect hygiene?

A

various illness & injuries can effect the pt’s ability to do self-care

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23
Q

What actions should we take as a nurse about to perform hygiene?

A

utilize knowledge
consider the pt’s cultural & developmental stages
be nonjudgmental
think outside the box
implement professional standards
maintain confidence

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24
Q

What are two big things we should do when preparing to do hygiene care for a pt

A

communicate and verify the pt is okay with the hygiene
determine how to provide hygiene & adapt to the pt’s wants or needs

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25
Q

How do we maintain warmth during hygiene?

A

warm room temp (if able)
keep all parts covered that are not being washed

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26
Q

How do we keep the pt safe during a bed bath?

A

keep side rails up on the side the pt will turn and be on the side where the rails are down

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27
Q

What should we do before placing a washcloth that is wet on the pt

A

have them test the temp of the water before placing it on their skin

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28
Q

how do we keep ourselves safe while performing bathing tasks

A

good body mechanics

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29
Q

What are the benefits of bathing

A

removes perspiration, dirt, & bacteria
helps prevent skin problems
refreshes pt - comfort
stimulates circulation/provides passive exercise
opportunity for communication & physical assessment

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30
Q

What are bathing options for the pt’s

A

shower
partial/assisted bath
sponge bath @ the sink
completed bed bath
tub bath
bag bath
Sitz bath

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31
Q

What is the importance of perineal care?

A

prevents skin breakdown

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32
Q

What are risks for skin breakdown in the perineal area?

A

urinary or fecal incontinence
rectal or perineal surgical dressings
indwelling urinary catheters
morbid obesity

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33
Q

When giving pt’s perineal care, should we do gender-congruent care?

A

yes

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34
Q

Why are CHG baths more common in hospitals than basin bathing?

A

Basins are reservoirs for bacteria and is a possible source of hospital-acquired infections

35
Q

What do CHG baths do?

A

get rid of more bacteria and help clean the pt

36
Q

What are the first prep steps before bathing a pt?

A

verify orders
gather equipment
intro to pt & family
id pt
explain the procedure

37
Q

What should we assess the pt for before starting a bath?

A

activity tolerance
sob
comfort level
cognitive ability
musculoskeletal function
skin condition

38
Q

What should we encourage the pt to do before bathing?

A

void

39
Q

What are the next steps before performing a bath?

A

hand hygiene
apply clean gloves
arrange all supplies on bedside table
raise bed to comfy working height
lower bed rail on nurses side
help pt comfortable supine position
assist pt to move toward nurse
place bath towel/bath blanket over the pt

40
Q

How should we remove the top sheet & gown?

A

have pt hold the towel/blanket while you remove top sheet from beneath towel w/out exposing the pt
untie/unsnap gown & keep pt covered while pulling gown off pt

41
Q

Where do we put dirty linens?

A

in a blue bag/hamper and NOT on the floor

42
Q

Why do we not place dirty linens on the floor?

A

this causes a fall risk for us & other providers who come into the room

43
Q

Should we remove the pt’s pillow?

A

yes, if we are able to

44
Q

What should we replace the pillow with?

A

a towel and raid the HOB 30-40 degrees

45
Q

What should we first start with when bathing?

A

eyes, face, nose, neck, ears

46
Q

What should we do first before washing the eyes?

A

check for contacts or remove glasses

47
Q

How do we wash & dry pt’s eyes?

A

wash using clean area with wash cloth & bathe from inner to outer conner
dry gently & thoroughly around the eyes

48
Q

What should we ask before washing a pt’s face & neck?

A

ask if they want to have their face washed with soap or w/out soap

49
Q

After asking what do we do next?

A

wash, rinse, dry face & neck

50
Q

Should we provide skin care around the ears & nose?

A

yes!

51
Q

How do we clean the ears?

A

clean w/ the end of a moistened washcloth rotated gently into the ear canal. gentle & downward transaction

52
Q

Are we allowed to irrigate a pt’s ears?

A

not without a dr order

53
Q

What can we do if a pt is unable to blow their nose?

A

Wet a washcloth or a cotton-tipped applicator moistened in water or saline. never insert applicator beyond the length of the cotton tip

54
Q

What do we place under the arm before washing the upper extrems

A

place bath towel lengthwise under the closest arm

55
Q

How do we bathe the arms?

A

using long firm strokes & going proximal to distal (fingers to axilla)

56
Q

How do we rinse arm & dry?

A

do this and dry fingers individually

57
Q

How do we wash the armpit

A

raise & support arm
wash, rinse, dry
apply deodorant

58
Q

How do we wash the chest?

A

cover chest w/ towel
fold down to umbilicus
bathe chest
rinse & dry

59
Q

How do we wash a women’s chest?

A

move each breast w/ back of the hand & wash rinse & dry

60
Q

How do we wash the abdomen?

A

place towels on chest
fold to reveal abdomen
bathe, rinse, dry abdomen well
pay attention to belly button & surrounding folds

61
Q

What do we do before going to wash the lower extrems?

A

change water

62
Q

What do we do before starting to wash the lower extems

A

cover chest abdomen & legs w/ bath towel

63
Q

What do we do when we wash lower extrems?

A

expose closest legs by folding towel closest to midline
keep perineum & other leg covered
place towel under leg

64
Q

How do we wash lower extrems?

A

wash w/ long firm strokes
move from ankle to knee
move from knee to thigh
then wash toes
rinse & dry
cover clean leg

65
Q

What do we do before cleaning peri area?

A

change water & clean tub

66
Q

Female peri care: how do we clean?

A

outer (labia majora) front to back
cleanse labia minora front to back
wipe center meatus from front to back
wash inner thighs
rinse & dry
cover

67
Q

How do we clean female peri area w/ a cath?

A

separate folds to expose cath
use two fingers to hold cath
clean around cath in circular motion
pat dry

68
Q

How do we clean a male peri area

A

retract foreskin (if applicable)
wash around head
wash down shaft toward thighs
was scrotum front to back
wash inner thighs
rinse & dry
return foreskin (if applicable)
cover

69
Q

how do we do male peri care w/ a cath

A

retract foreskin (if needed)
hold cath w/ 2 fingers
clean around cath in circular motion
pat dry
replace foreskin

70
Q

What do we do before bathing back?

A

change water & gloves

71
Q

How do we wash back, buttocks, anus

A

keep pt covered
slide bath towel over shoulders to thighs
wash
rinse
dry from neck to buttocks
buttocks & anus remove fecal matter if applicable
cleanse
rinse
dry

72
Q

What do we do after finishing back?

A

if ordered apply skin cream
give back rub if wanted
put on new gown/pj’s
apply anti-embolism stockings as ordered

73
Q

How do we do nail care?

A

soak hands/feet to soften cuticles
clean & dry
verify if order required before trimming nails

74
Q

Who is the exception for nail care

A

pt’s w/ diabetes mellitus & peripheral vascular disease

75
Q

How do we clean dentures?

A

should be removed & brushed throughly utilizing appropriate brush & cleanser

76
Q

What should we do w/ dentures when a pt is not wearing them?

A

keep them in a cup covered above the water
cup should have an ID on it

77
Q

How do we provide oral care to a decreased consciousness pt?

A

make sure suction is provided
use green dental sticks w/ soultion

78
Q

How do we assess the scalp?

A

use gloves & feel around

79
Q

what benefits do brushing & combing have for the hair?

A

distributes oil
prevents tangling, as does braiding
obtain permission

80
Q

How do we help with lice?

A

comb hair
can order special shampoo (pediculicidal)

81
Q

How do we help a pt shampoo?

A

if they are able to shampoo provide assistive devices to help shampoo
for bedridden pt’s shampoo board or no residue shampoo

82
Q

How do we shave pt’s

A

after bath shampoo
use a razor
shave in direction of hair growth
longer strokes on larger area of face
short strokes around chin & lips

83
Q

how do we care for mustache & beards?

A

comb out them
ask for permission before trimming

IM1 (18 decks)

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