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IM1 > Sleep/Sleep Disorders > Flashcards

Sleep/Sleep Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is sleep

A

a physiological process and the body’s rest cycle

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2
Q

What is sleep associated with

A

recumbency & immobility

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3
Q

What do we lack when going to sleep

A

conscious awareness

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4
Q

Are we easily awakened when we go to sleep

A

yes

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5
Q

why is sleep essential

A

it is to keep us healthy and for survival

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6
Q

what 3 types of sleep are there

A

insufficient
fragmented
nonrestorative

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7
Q

what is the definition of sleep disturbance

A

conditions of poor sleep quality

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8
Q

what is the definition of sleep disorders

A

abnormalities unique to sleep

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9
Q

what are two common sleep disorders

A

insomnia
narcolepsy

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10
Q

what controls the sleep wake cycle

A

the brain

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11
Q

what stimulates wake behavior

A

RAS
various neurotransmitters
orexin (hypocretin)

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12
Q

what makes up the RAS

A

sensory stimuli w/in cerebral cortex

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13
Q

what regulates the sleep-wake cycle

A

RAS

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14
Q

what are the four functions of the RAS

A

motor
sensory
visceral
consciousness

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15
Q

what manages the circadian rhythm

A

the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

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16
Q

where is the SCN located

A

in the hypothalamus

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17
Q

what synchronizes the circadian rhythm (what makes it work)

A

synchronized through light receptors in the retina

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18
Q

what is the strongest time cue to the brain

A

light

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19
Q

what percent do we spend in wake after sleep onset

A

5%

20
Q

what percent do we spend in REM sleep

A

25%

21
Q

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 1

A

5%

22
Q

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 2

A

50%

23
Q

what percent do we spend in NREM stage 3

A

15%

24
Q

what are the three phases of sleep

A

sleep latency
NREM (non-rapid eye movement)
REM (rapid eye movement)

25
Q

when does sleep latency start

A

when eyes are closed for sleep

26
Q

when does sleep latency end

A

ends when non-rem sleep is entered

27
Q

how long are we in the sleep latency stage

A

time varies but usually 10-40 mins

28
Q

what makes up stage 1 of NREM

A

slow eye movements

29
Q

what makes up stage 2 of NREM

A

HR & temp derease

30
Q

what makes up stage 3 of NREM

A

deep or slow wave sleep (SWS); delta waves, parasomnias

31
Q

what are parasomnias

A

unusal behaviors while falling asleep, transitioning b/w sleep stages, or during arousal from sleep

32
Q

what activates parasomnias

A

CNS activation

33
Q

what are different kinds of parasomnias

A

sleepwalking
sleep terrors
nightmares
sleep paralysis
sleep hallucinations

34
Q

how often does REM sleep occur

A

3-4 times a night

35
Q

what is greatly reduced during REM sleep

A

skeletal muscle tone

36
Q

what occurs most during REM sleep

A

vivid dreaming

37
Q

what sleep cycles decrease in middle age

A

NREM3 & REM

38
Q

are middle aged more resistant to sleep deprivation

A

yes

39
Q

are awakenings in middle aged adults increased or decreased

A

increased

40
Q

do older adults go to bed earlier (like 7 to 8pm)

A

yes

41
Q

do older adults wake earlier (4 to 5am)

A

yes

42
Q

which statement is true regarding REM sleep? Select all that apply
a. Muscle tone is greatly reduced
b. It occurs only once in the night
c. It is separated by distinct physiological stages
d. The most vivd dreaming occurs at this phase

A

a & d

43
Q

What is the best description for sleep
a. quiet state in which there is little brain activity
b. loosely organized state similar to coma
c. stat in which pain sensitivity decreases
d. state in which the individual lacks conscious awareness of the environment

A

d

44
Q

How is the neurological side affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders?

A

cognitive impairment
behavioral changes

45
Q

how is the immune system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

A

impaired function

46
Q

how is the respiratory system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

A

asthma exacerbated during sleep

47
Q

how is the cardiovascular system affected by sleep deprivation & sleep disorders

A

heart diseases like HTN & dysrhythmias develop
increased BP in people w/ HTN
Stroke

IM1 (18 decks)

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