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IM1 > Body Mechanics > Flashcards

Body Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

What is body mechanics?

A

describes coordination of musculoskeletal system & nervous system which makes all movement & alignment possible

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2
Q

Reg. of movement: Nervous sys. innervates skeletal muscle for?

A

posture & movement

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3
Q

Reg. of movement: Nervous sys. innervates smooth muscle for?

A

digestive tract
bladder
blood vessels

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4
Q

Reg. of movement: Nervous sys. innervates cardiac muscles for?

A

contracts spontaneously

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5
Q

What is the Range of Motion in Joints

A

Flexion
Extension
Hyperextension
Abduction
Adduction
Rotation
Circumduction

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6
Q

What is Abduction?

A

The limb moving away from the body

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7
Q

What is adduction?

A

moving the limb towards the body

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8
Q

What is rotation?

A

turning your head side to side

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9
Q

What is circumduction?

A

The circular movement of a body part

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10
Q

What are is the most costly occupational health problem?

A

work-related disorders

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11
Q

What are places that can have soft tissue damage in the body?

A

muscles
tendons
ligaments
joints
blood vessels
nerves
spinal disks

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12
Q

What are the three big risk factors for injury?

A

Duration
Frequency
Intensity

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13
Q

Injuries Risk factors: What 3 things can impact the risk for injury

A

tasks
nurse
pt

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14
Q

What are risk for injuries among pt’s

A

Weak/unable to help transfer
Vision or hearing loss
Overweight
Poor communication
Pt’s are unpredictable
Pt’s can be uncooperative
Experiencing pain

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15
Q

What are risk factors for nurse injuries at work?

A

Previous injuries
Not trained properly
Not compliant w/ policies & procedures
Poor physical health
Sleep deprivation

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16
Q

What are task related frisk factors that could cause injury?

A

reaching & lifting w/ loads far from the body
lifting heavy loads
twisting while lifting
unexpected changes in load demand during lift
reaching
long duration

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17
Q

What are the big things cause injury?

A

frequent lifting & moving
moving or carrying a load a significant distance
awkward posture
pushing/pulling incorrectly
completing activity w/ bed or chair @ wrong ht

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18
Q

What are the foundations of body mechanics?

A

face direction of movement
body alignment
center of gravity
balance
base of support

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19
Q

where do we need to keep the center of gravity?

A

keep it OVER a wide base of support. think triangle

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20
Q

What are the principles for body mechanics

A

arrange for proper help
flex knees & keep hips wide apart
keep back, neck, pelvis, & feet aligned
avoid twisting
tighten stomach muscles & pull butt in
keep object close to you
use arms & legs
don’t use your back
use coordinated movements

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21
Q

Pt handling: what are activity orders?

A

a doctor’s order about the type & amount of activity a pt can have in the hospital

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22
Q

Activity orders abbreviations: br or cbr?

A

bedrest/ complete bed rest

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23
Q

Activity orders: br w/ brp?

A

bedrest w/ bathroom privileges

24
Q

Activity orders: up ad lib?

A

as pt wants to/ desires

25
Q

Activity orders: up as tolerated?

A

as pt is able

26
Q

Activity orders: dangle?

A

pt may sit & dangle their ft over the edge of the bed

27
Q

Activity orders: up to chair w/assist?

A

pt may transfer from bed to chair w/ assist

28
Q

Wt bearing abbreviations: NWB?

A

non-wt bearing

29
Q

Wt bearing: TDWB?

A

touch-down wt bearing

30
Q

Wt bearing: TTWB

A

toe-touch wt bearing

31
Q

Wt bearing: WBAT

A

Wt bearing as tolerated

32
Q

Wt bearing: FWB

A

full wt bearing

33
Q

What do we need for a standard fall bundle?

A

two pt identifiers
Call light in reach
room free of clutter
belonging in reach
bed locked in lowest position
non-skid socks

34
Q

What do other things do we need for a moderate fall bundle?

A

Standard precautions
fall magnet
yellow socks & gown

35
Q

What other things do we need for a high fall bundle?

A

Standard & moderate fall equipment
Door open
bed/chair alarm

36
Q

What do we do if a pt is in the shower?

A

do not leave pt unattended in shower
utilize shower shoes

37
Q

Bed positions: high fowler’s?

A

HOB 90 degrees

38
Q

Bed positions: Fowler’s

A

HOB to angle of 45 degrees or more

39
Q

Bed positions: Semi fowler’s

A

HOB raised to 30 degrees

40
Q

Bed positions: trendelenburg

A

entire bed tilted w/ HOB down

41
Q

Reverse trendelenburg?

A

entire bed tilted w/ foot of bed down

42
Q

Flat?

A

entire bed is horizontal to floor

43
Q

Pt positions: supine

A

pt laying on their back

44
Q

Pt positions: prone

A

pt laying on stomach

45
Q

pt postions: lateral

A

pt on one side

46
Q

pt positions: lateral recumbent (sims)

A

pt partially on stomach & side

47
Q

pt positions: orthopneic

A

pt is sitting slightly leaned forward w/ arms propped on bedside table or knees

48
Q

pt positions: lithotomy

A

pt is having a pelvic exam

49
Q

What are the procedures for lifting?

A

Use it as a LAST RESORT
Assess pt’s wt
Get help
Bend @ knees
Use large muscles @ back of the legs instead of back to lift

50
Q

What are some assistive devices?

A

Gait belt
hoyer lift
trapeze bars
slide board
hover mat

51
Q

Ambulation:

A

ability to walk

52
Q

Gait:

A

manner of walking

53
Q

Before assisting w/ ambulation procedures:

A

Evaluate environment for safety
obtain baseline VS
dangle pt
support @ their waist
return pt to chair/bed if dizzy
support pt w/ hemiplegia or hemiparesis
get help if needed

54
Q

Assistive devices: cane

A

single straight-legged
quad cane

55
Q

Crutches:

A

axilla
forearmq

56
Q

Walker:

A

standard
two-wheel
rollator

IM1 (18 decks)

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