Chapter 1 pt.3 Flashcards
Piaget hypothesized that children’s cognitive processes develop in an ______ _________. consisting of 4 stages which are…..
Orderly Sequence: Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational
What is considered an “act of creative imagination”
Memory
What do many cognitive scientists tend to focus on
Peoples information processing (encoding, storing, and retrieving information)
Our strategies for solving problems are sometimes referred to as our “______ _____” or “_______”
“mental programs” or “software”
- our brains are the hardware that runs our mental programs
What is Ethology and who was it heavily influenced by
Ethology is the study of behaviour specific to a species from the evolutionary perspective
Influenced by: Charles Darwin
What are “Fixed Action patterns”
A pattern of behaviour that is an instinct, behaviours that are just “built in”
eg. a bird knowing how to make a nest without seeing how its made before
What is Ecology?
A branch of biology that studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment
What is the “Ecological Systems Theory”
the idea that explains child development in terms of the reciprocal influences between children and their environmental settings
What are the first 5 layers of Bronfenbrenners system of development
Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exosystem
Macrosystem
Chronosystem
What is the Microsystem in Bronfenbrenners system of development
the microsystem involves interactions the child has with other people in the immediate setting (like home, school, peer group)
What is the Mesosystem in Bronfenbrenners system of development
the mesosystem involves interactions of various settings within the microsystem
What is the Exosystem in Bronfenbrenners system of development
the ecosystem refers to institutions where the child doesn’t directly participate in but it still influences them (like a school board)
What is the Macrosystem in Bronfenbrenners system of development
the microsystem refers to the interaction of child with beliefs, values, expectations, and lifestyles
What is the Chronosystem in Bronfenbrenners system of development
the chronosystem considers the environmental changes that occur over time
