special reading peptidoglycan and probiotics

Question 1

The organism Clostridium scindens converts a substance found in __________ to a substance which inhibits the organism _________________________. What does this make C. scindens?

Answer 1

bile; Clostridium dificile; probiotic

Question 2

In contrast, fructooligosaccharides are considered a _________ bc they are molecules that stimulate growth of favorable bac in the flora.

Answer 2

prebiotic

Question 3

What is the substance involved in peptidoglycan synthesis that contains a phosphate group?

Answer 3

bactoprenol

Question 4

the enzyme ___________________ makes the bond bw NAG and NAM in peptidoglycan

Answer 4

transglycosylase

Question 5

The treatment for C. dificile infection is called a ___________ ___________ and it can be administered in several ways.

Answer 5

fecal transplant

Question 6

the disease associated with the organism C. dificile is ________________. what part of the intestines does it impact?

Answer 6

pseudomembranous colitis; large intestines

Question 7

What is the molecule that moves the peptidoglycan precursor into the periplasm?

Answer 7

bactoprenol

Question 8

how many amino acids does the peptidoglycan precursor have?

Answer 8

5

Question 9

What enzyme makes the crosslinking peptide bond? give 2 names for it.

Answer 9

transpeptidase; FstI

Question 10

A peptidoglycan precursor contains NAG, NAM, and a

Answer 10

pentapeptide

Question 11

proteins called _______ break the bond bw NAG and NAM in peptidoglycan during peptidoglycan synthesis

Answer 11

autolysins

Question 12

The compound bactoprenol contains two __________ groups which are the charged part of that molecule.

Answer 12

phosphate

Question 13

Live bacteria administered to provide a health benefit to the digestive tract are called ____________ and are often consumed in fermented milk products.

Answer 13

probiotics

Question 14

Clostirdium sciendens has been effective in metabolizing a substance in bile to produce inhibitory effects against V. cholerae (y or no)

Answer 14

NO

Question 15

Probiotics are plant based substances that help develop healthy flora in the colon (y or no)

Answer 15

No

Question 16

A glove bag is used to keep researchers hand from being contaminated w pathogenic bacteria (y or no)

Answer 16

No

Question 17

superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that many aerobes use to get rid of superoxide, but hydrogen peroxide and oxygen is produced as a product (y or no)

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

microaerophiles need oxygen but they have enzymes that are oxygen labile (y or no)

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

then enzyme ____________________ is used by anaerobes to get rid of oxygen. its benefit is that it works without generating ___________.

Answer 19

superoxide reductase; oxygen

Question 20

Catalase is an enzyme that gets rid of ________________ . the chemical group that makes pyruvate ionic is a _________.

Answer 20

hydrogen peroxide; carboxyl