Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > 20b: translation > Flashcards

20b: translation Flashcards

1
Q

tRNA contains stems, what kind of base pairing can be found here?

A

intramolecular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tRNA also contains loops, what kind of base pairing are found here?

A

none, does not have intramolecular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the base pairing that occurs bw mRNA and DNA is ____________ base pairing

A

intermolecular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what end of the tRNA is the amino acid bonded to? by what kind of linkage? it bonds to what group on the amino acid?

A

3’ end by an ester linkage; carboxyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a charged tRNA?

A

has an amino acid connected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an uncharged tRNA?

A

has given up its amino acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what kind of enzymatic activity makes a peptide bond?

A

peptidyl transferase activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the two subunits that make up the bacterial ribosome? what do they assemble?

A

30S and 50S; on the mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what would the RNA-binding site on the ribosome bind to on the mRNA?

A

Shine-Dalgarno sequence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the E site on the ribosome?

A

the exit site- where the uncharged tRNA exits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the P site on the ribosome?

A

the peptidyl site- where the growing polypeptide chain is much of the time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the A site on the ribosome?

A

the aminoacyl site - where the tRNA carrying the amino acid to be added sits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are non-ribosomal proteins called? more specifically what are they?

A

translation factors; initiation and elongation factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

does diphtheria toxin have an impact on translation in bacteria?

A

no, bc it’s made by bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Does diphtheria interfere w ribosomal or nonribosomal proteins in the organisms?

A

non-ribosomal, elongation factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how many base pairs upstream is the shine dalgarno sequence from the start codon?

A

7 to 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

a sequence from what specific rRNA binds to the shine dalgarno sequence?

A

16S rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

16S rRNA is part of what ribosomal subunit? is it the same thing as the small subunit rRNA?

A

30S ribosome subunit; yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a sequence in the rRNA is ______________ to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the leader.

A

complementary

20
Q

what makes the shine dalgarno sequence have a stronger interaction w the complementary sequence on rRNA?

A

high G content

21
Q

what proteins are involved in getting translation started? are they ribosomal proteins?

A

initiation factors; no, nonribosomal

22
Q

the ____ in the __________ group has a slightly positive charge and the ________ in the _________ group has a slightly negative charge that are attracted to each other and form a peptide bond.

A

C; carboxyl; N; amino

23
Q

what are the 4 steps of translation?

A

initiation, elongation, translocation, termination

24
Q

what happens during initiation?

A

the equipment is set up

25
Q

what happens during elongation?

A

the growing polypeptide chain is added to an amino acid

26
Q

what happens during translocation?

A

movement of ribosome to next codon

27
Q

what happens during termination?

A

stop codon is reached, and the protein is released and the equipment is taken apart

28
Q

what two steps are repeated until the protein is complete?

A

elongation and translocation

29
Q

in elongation, the tRNA carrying the next amino acid comes into the A site and the _____ bond bw tRNA and fMet is broken, and a ________ bond is made be fMet and 2nd amino acid

A

ester; peptide

30
Q

what catalyzes peptide bond formation?

A

ribozyme

31
Q

in translocation, the ribosome moves down another codon using the energy from the breakdown of what?

A

GTP

32
Q

what amino acid will be on the amino terminus of the peptide?

A

N-formylmethionine

33
Q

exporting the protein out of the cytoplasm so it occurs for inner membrane, periplasmic, outer mem, and secreted proteins

A

protein secretion

34
Q

what do proteins that need to be exported have on their amino terminus?

A

signal sequence

35
Q

once the protein is exported, how is the signal sequence removed? where is this located?

A

signal peptidase; inner mem

36
Q

what protein binds to signal sequence of proteins destined for the periplasm?

A

SecA

37
Q

what protein/RNA complex binds to proteins destined for the inner membrane?

A

signal recognition particle

38
Q

membrane secretion apparatus that carries the protein across inner mem

A

translocase

39
Q

inner mem protein that cleaves the signal sequence

A

signal peptidase

40
Q

since signal peptidase cleaves a protein it is also considered a _________ or a __________ enzyme

A

protease; proteolytic

41
Q

what is a protein called that contains a signal sequence?

A

immature protein

42
Q

what is a protein called that does not contain a signal sequence?

A

mature protein

43
Q

will the mature protein contain a fMet?

A

no, it will be removed as part of signal sequence

44
Q

when does signal peptidase work?

A

after the protein is either inserted into the inner mem or exported into the periplasm

45
Q

is a cytoplasmic protein mature or immature?

A

neither

Microbiology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions