1.3 Biological Molecules: Proteins Flashcards
What is an amino acid?
Amine and carboxyl group around a central carbon
Each amino acid has a different R group
How many different amino acids are there?
20
What forms a dipeptide?
A condensation reaction between the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another
What polymer is made of amino acids?
Polypeptides (proteins)
What bonds form between amino acids?
Peptide
How can be amino acids be separated?
Paper chromatography
Why can amino acids be separated by paper chromatography?
Different amino acids have a different mass/charge
The smallest will move the furthest
What is a polypeptide?
A protein
What is the primary structure of a protein?
The sequence of amino acids
What determines the primary structure of a protein?
The base sequence of DNA
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet formed by hydrogen bonding
What is the tertiary structure of a protein?
3d structure formed by ionic bonds/hydrogen bonds/disulphide bridges
Why is the tertiary structure of a protein significant?
As it determines the shape of a protein which can impact its function
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
2 or more polypeptide chains
Give examples of proteins with a quaternary structure.
Haemoglobin and antibodies
