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film history > Nollywood & home video > Flashcards

Nollywood & home video Flashcards

1
Q

“home video” can either mean:

A

movies made at home by amateurs or movies made by professionals but viewed at home

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2
Q

Eastman Kodak has made 16mm film aimed at amateurs since [1], it was called [2] bc it was far less flammable than 35mm

A
  1. 1923
  2. safety film
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3
Q

safety film was what type of film stock?

A

reversal film stock - no negative/positive, film is shot then developed

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4
Q

other uses of 16mm film (3):

A
  1. avant garde film
  2. profession but low budget movies
  3. direct cinema
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5
Q

list the series of cheap/easy film formats for home video (3):

A

1932: 8mm film was released
1965: super8
1973: option of magnetic sound added to super8

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6
Q

Home movies have easily been made on film for those with enough money since the

A

1920s

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7
Q

what are the 2 aspects in which home movie making crosses over with home movie viewing?

A

analog and then digital video

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8
Q

first commercially available video tape was released in the :

A

1950s

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9
Q

what were the 2 video formats avalible for home use by the mid-70s?

A

1, betamax by sony
2. VHS by JVC

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10
Q

what were the 2 reasons that VHS eventially won out over betamx?

A
  1. beta would originally record only an hour, while VHS could handle a full movie
  2. sony wouldn’t allow porn on beta tapes
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11
Q

the history of home viewing is enmeshed with both

A

feature films and porn

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12
Q

first integrated camera and video tape recorders were introduced in

A

1983

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13
Q

CD was invented in [1] and released in [2]

A
  1. 1980
  2. 1982
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14
Q

DVD was relased in

A

1996

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15
Q

what were the 2 other digital video formats popular internaionally?

A

1, LaserDisc
2. VCD )video CD)

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16
Q

VCD expanded the nollywood market bc:

A

the players and discs were even cheaper and more accessible than VHS

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17
Q

Blu-Ray was introduced in…

A

2002

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18
Q

did home video or TV have more impact on the cinema decline?

A

TV

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19
Q

Nollywood is integrated with home viewing in a way….

A

that other industries are not

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20
Q

nollywood arose outside of [1], is thus a [2]

A
  1. cinemas
  2. home viewing industry
21
Q

nollywood raises questions about what we consider to be a…

A

feature film

22
Q

‘feature film’ usually refers to [1], but historically has also included [2]

A
  1. duration
  2. cinematic/theatrical release
23
Q

when we think about major film industries of the world, we don’t usually think about Nollywood bc…

A

it hasn’t primary been filmmaking for theatrical release

24
Q

nigera was a british colony from the:

A

mid-19th century & english remains widely spoken

25
Q

the 3 major ethinc groups in nigera are:

A

Hausa (north)
Yoruba (southwest)
Igbo (southeast)

26
Q

Most people practiced indigenous religions until the [1], but british polcy was to [2]

A

1, 20th century
2. discourage this

27
Q

Another ongoing tradition is the importance of

A

chiefs in villages

28
Q

military rule in nigeria until

A

1959

29
Q

first fully civilian govt in nigeria established in

A

2003

30
Q

Ethnic and religious strife is ongoing to this day, partially caused by

A

the economic difference between the poorer north and the much wealthier south

31
Q

The clashes between the families in Wedding Party are: (3)

A
  1. ethinic
  2. lingustic
  3. based in socioeconomic class
32
Q

what is they key reason that Nollywood developed as a cinema-free cinema?

A

polticial instability and oppressive military rule

33
Q

cinemas disappered between

A

military rule and the 90s

34
Q

despite having very few cinemas, nigera has developed…

A

one of the biggest film industries in the world

35
Q

Post-colonial nigerian cinema emerges from the

A

yoruba theatre tradition

36
Q

in the 80s, yoruba theater filmmakers began to shoot on video bc

A

celluloid film was insanely expensive, currency was devalued & it basically became impossible to import film tech

37
Q

Kenneth Nnebue was a…

A

key producer of yoruba theare as home video

38
Q

what film is considered to be the beginning of Nollywood cinema?

A

Living in Bondgae (1992)

39
Q

the introduction of english language nollywood movies means that…

A

audiences are wider

40
Q

what aer the 4 key aspects of nollywood?

A
  1. low budgets
  2. very quickly made
  3. lot of improv
  4. distribution through home viewing
41
Q

nollywood is fundamentally what kind of cinema?

A

popular

42
Q

initially nollywood was aimed at the

A

urban poor

43
Q

Nollywood is popular in the sense of being aimed at a [1], rather than a [2]

A
  1. local culture
  2. global one
44
Q

Between 2000 and 2010, nollywood became “documentary” in the sense that it

A

exemplified the experiences of nigerians

45
Q

african popular film is less well known than what other types of black african films? (2)

A

art film or documentary

46
Q

“new nollywood” refers to

A

films with higher budgets that are meant for not only home viewing but also for viewing in cinemas

47
Q

While many african art cinemas productions are co-prodced with france/other european countries, nollywood….

A

doesn’t tend to have european money in its budgets

48
Q

Wedding Party follows which format?

A

new nollywod

film history (30 decks)

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