Nollywood & home video

Question 1

“home video” can either mean:

Answer 1

movies made at home by amateurs or movies made by professionals but viewed at home

Question 2

Eastman Kodak has made 16mm film aimed at amateurs since [1], it was called [2] bc it was far less flammable than 35mm

Answer 2

1. 1923
2. safety film

Question 3

safety film was what type of film stock?

Answer 3

reversal film stock - no negative/positive, film is shot then developed

Question 4

other uses of 16mm film (3):

Answer 4

1. avant garde film
2. profession but low budget movies
3. direct cinema

Question 5

list the series of cheap/easy film formats for home video (3):

Answer 5

1932: 8mm film was released
1965: super8
1973: option of magnetic sound added to super8

Question 6

Home movies have easily been made on film for those with enough money since the

Answer 6

1920s

Question 7

what are the 2 aspects in which home movie making crosses over with home movie viewing?

Answer 7

analog and then digital video

Question 8

first commercially available video tape was released in the :

Answer 8

1950s

Question 9

what were the 2 video formats avalible for home use by the mid-70s?

Answer 9

1, betamax by sony
2. VHS by JVC

Question 10

what were the 2 reasons that VHS eventially won out over betamx?

Answer 10

1. beta would originally record only an hour, while VHS could handle a full movie
2. sony wouldn’t allow porn on beta tapes

Question 11

the history of home viewing is enmeshed with both

Answer 11

feature films and porn

Question 12

first integrated camera and video tape recorders were introduced in

Answer 12

1983

Question 13

CD was invented in [1] and released in [2]

Answer 13

1. 1980
2. 1982

Question 14

DVD was relased in

Answer 14

1996

Question 15

what were the 2 other digital video formats popular internaionally?

Answer 15

1, LaserDisc
2. VCD )video CD)

Question 16

VCD expanded the nollywood market bc:

Answer 16

the players and discs were even cheaper and more accessible than VHS

Question 17

Blu-Ray was introduced in…

Answer 17

2002

Question 18

did home video or TV have more impact on the cinema decline?

Answer 18

TV

Question 19

Nollywood is integrated with home viewing in a way….

Answer 19

that other industries are not

Question 20

nollywood arose outside of [1], is thus a [2]

Answer 20

1. cinemas
2. home viewing industry

Question 21

nollywood raises questions about what we consider to be a…

Answer 21

feature film

Question 22

‘feature film’ usually refers to [1], but historically has also included [2]

Answer 22

1. duration
2. cinematic/theatrical release

Question 23

when we think about major film industries of the world, we don’t usually think about Nollywood bc…

Answer 23

it hasn’t primary been filmmaking for theatrical release

Question 24

nigera was a british colony from the:

Answer 24

mid-19th century & english remains widely spoken

Question 25

the 3 major ethinc groups in nigera are:

Answer 25

Hausa (north) Yoruba (southwest) Igbo (southeast)

Question 26

Most people practiced indigenous religions until the [1], but british polcy was to [2]

Answer 26

1, 20th century 2. discourage this

Question 27

Another ongoing tradition is the importance of

Answer 27

chiefs in villages

Question 28

military rule in nigeria until

Answer 28

1959

Question 29

first fully civilian govt in nigeria established in

Answer 29

2003

Question 30

Ethnic and religious strife is ongoing to this day, partially caused by

Answer 30

the economic difference between the poorer north and the much wealthier south

Question 31

The clashes between the families in Wedding Party are: (3)

Answer 31

1. ethinic 2. lingustic 3. based in socioeconomic class

Question 32

what is they key reason that Nollywood developed as a cinema-free cinema?

Answer 32

polticial instability and oppressive military rule

Question 33

cinemas disappered between

Answer 33

military rule and the 90s

Question 34

despite having very few cinemas, nigera has developed...

Answer 34

one of the biggest film industries in the world

Question 35

Post-colonial nigerian cinema emerges from the

Answer 35

yoruba theatre tradition

Question 36

in the 80s, yoruba theater filmmakers began to shoot on video bc

Answer 36

celluloid film was insanely expensive, currency was devalued & it basically became impossible to import film tech

Question 37

Kenneth Nnebue was a...

Answer 37

key producer of yoruba theare as home video

Question 38

what film is considered to be the beginning of Nollywood cinema?

Answer 38

Living in Bondgae (1992)

Question 39

the introduction of english language nollywood movies means that...

Answer 39

audiences are wider

Question 40

what aer the 4 key aspects of nollywood?

Answer 40

1. low budgets 2. very quickly made 3. lot of improv 4. distribution through home viewing

Question 41

nollywood is fundamentally what kind of cinema?

Answer 41

popular

Question 42

initially nollywood was aimed at the

Answer 42

urban poor

Question 43

Nollywood is popular in the sense of being aimed at a [1], rather than a [2]

Answer 43

1. local culture 2. global one

Question 44

Between 2000 and 2010, nollywood became “documentary” in the sense that it

Answer 44

exemplified the experiences of nigerians

Question 45

african popular film is less well known than what other types of black african films? (2)

Answer 45

art film or documentary

Question 46

"new nollywood" refers to

Answer 46

films with higher budgets that are meant for not only home viewing but also for viewing in cinemas

Question 47

While many african art cinemas productions are co-prodced with france/other european countries, nollywood....

Answer 47

doesn't tend to have european money in its budgets

Question 48

Wedding Party follows which format?

Answer 48

new nollywod