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DAT BIO > 132-173 > Flashcards

132-173 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

if Hb is bonded to CO

A

carboxyhemoglobin

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2
Q

if CO2 is bonded to Hb

A

carbaminohemoglobin

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3
Q

2,3-BPG

A

present in RBC that helps to unload O2 from hemoglobin

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4
Q

which two veins carry oxygenated blood

A

pulmonary and umbilical

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5
Q

ductus venosus allows

A

blood to bypass the liver

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6
Q

foramen ovale

A

allows blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation

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7
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

conducts some blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, thus bypassing the lungs

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8
Q

parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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9
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

allows you to respond to stress; increased heart rate, BP, pupil dilation, decrease in BF to the kidneys and digestive organs

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10
Q

parasympathetic system

A

digestion and eliminaiton occur

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11
Q

cerebellum

A

part of the brain involved with muscle coordination, balance and equilibrium

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12
Q

what divides the brains hemispheres

A

corpus callosum ; allows th right and left of the brain to communicate

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13
Q

CNS

A

brain, spinal cord

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14
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

somatic and autonomic—-all of the nervous system that isn’t in the CNS, nerves and ganglia

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15
Q

auxins

A

plant growth hormones

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16
Q

abscisic acid

A

inhibits growth

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17
Q

cytokines

A

stimulate cell division

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18
Q

where does bone growth occur

A

epuphyseal plates of long bones

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19
Q

connects bone to bone

A

ligaments

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20
Q

axial skeleton includes

A

skill, vertebra and ribs

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21
Q

appendicular skeleton includes

A

bond of arms and legs and bones of the pelvc and pectoral girdle

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22
Q

connects bone to muscle

A

tendons

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23
Q

haversian systmes

A

compact bone structural units ; blood vessels and nerves pass thorugh the harvesian canals

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24
Q

stored in the liver

A

glycogen

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25
true about liver
albumin synthesis, bile production, destruction of worn out RBC, converts nitrogenous wast into urea, glycogen storage
26
convergent evolution
analogous structures ; two closely related species have resemblance
27
transpiration
H2O loss by evaporation from leaves
28
hydrolusis
involves the use of H2O to split a molecule
29
hydration
addition of H2O
30
translocation
the attachment of all or a portion of one chromosome to another
31
diapause
resting condition in the life of an insect (similar to vertebrates hibernation)
32
path urine takes
loop of hence --> distal convoluted tubule --> collecting duct
33
where resorption occurs
proximal convoluted tubule
34
blood filtration site
glomererulus
35
where secretion occurs
distal convoluted tubule (K+,H+, active transport and NH3)
36
urine leaves the kidney
ureters
37
PKU disease
high amounts of amino acid phenlalanine in the blood (can result in mental retardation ) homo recess.
38
gout
uric acid crystals deposit in tissues such as the big toe
39
diabetes insipidus
insufficient vasoperessin production
40
tay sachs disease
lysosomal defect
41
hashimoto's disease
thyroid involvement
42
where we find sarcoplasmic reticulum
muscle cells. a calcium reservoir. acetycholine triggers an action potential that passes along it
43
where does RBC get it's energy from
since there is no mitochondria there is no TCA cycle, anaerobic respire occurs n the cytosol
44
ETC site
inner membrane of the mitochondria
45
controls breathing
medulla; as co2 levels increase, it send impulse to the diaphragm and chest muscles which increase breathing rate.
46
cerebellum
balance and muscle coordination; balance associated with the semi circular canals located in inner ear.
47
saltatory conduction
when the impulse jumps from node to node increases velocity several hold
48
peristalisis
smooth muscle contractions that allow food o move through the alimentary canal
49
enzymatic hydrlysis occurs in
small intestine
50
first macromolecule that undergo enzymatic hydrolysis
carbs
51
how are amino acids and sugars carried away
from the intestine to the bloodstream
52
fish - frog heart
2 chambered tubular heart; 3 chambered heart
53
momcytes develop into
macrophages
54
B cells develop into
fetal liver and spleen and produce antipodes that are in the blood and lymph
55
T cells
involved in immune reactions and develop in the thymus
56
bar body
inactivated X chromosome
57
hemizygous
having onlyoen single copy of a gene instead of two
58
reptiles inlcude:
lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians
59
croc heart
four chambers
60
class chondrichthys
skates and sharks
61
class amphibia
toads and frogs
62
class aves
birds
63
class reptilia
lizards, turtes and snakes
64
class agnatha
hagfish and lampre (lack bones, scales and fins)
65
osteichthys
bony fish
66
genetic drift
random changes in allele freq from one generation to another in small pop can lead to elimination of a particular allele by chance alone
67
where does kreb cycle occur
matrix of mitochondria
68
what's produced per turn of TCA
3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 GTP
69
what happens to CO2 in TCA
pyruvate loses CO2 in matrix of mitochondria and combines with CoA to become acetyl CoA. it is the Aceyl CoaA that meters tp TCA cycle by concession with oxaloacetate to form citrate
70
what structure is considered the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system
hypothalamus
71
hypothalamus
help regulate heart , arterial BP , produce neurosecretory substances, regulate h2o and electrolyte balance, body temp, and maintain homeostasis

DAT BIO (12 decks)

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