deck 1

Question 1

endorphin

Answer 1

hormones secreted within the brain and nervous system and having a number of physiological functions. They are peptides that activate the body’s opiate receptors, causing an analgesic effect.

Question 2

centrifugation

Answer 2

is a process used to separate or concentrate materials suspended in a liquid medium

Question 3

electrophoresis

Answer 3

motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. (separation technique)

Question 4

DNA microarray technology

Answer 4

allow researcher to examine genes in a particular cell type, and determine if they are expressed

Question 5

Somatic Cell Transfer

Answer 5

laboratory technique for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell.

Question 6

FRAP

Answer 6

Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching

Question 7

related to the muscles and glands

Answer 7

motor neuron (efferent)

Question 8

sensory or afferent neurons

Answer 8

will carry nerve impulses from peripheral body into the CNS (brain +spinal cord) - closely related to receptor cells

Question 9

monotreme

Answer 9

a mammal that lays eggs (platypus and echidnas (spiny anteaters)

Question 10

marsupial

Answer 10

a mammal that completes embryonic development in a pouch

Question 11

various true things about chitin

Answer 11

is a polysaccharide containing glucose molecules with nitrogen groups attached, a polymer of amino sugars. cell wall of many fungi contain chitin

Question 12

Na+/K+ Pump-

Answer 12

energy is used to pump Na+ and K+ ions against the gradient; 3Na+ are pumped out; 2 K+ ions are pumped into the cell; Ouabain is a poison that will interfere with this ATP requiring pump; the pump is a protein that changes conformational states;

Question 13

Illeocecal valve

Answer 13

junction between small and large intestine, valve will prevent the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine and vice versa

Question 14

mitrial valve (also known as the bicuspid valve or left atrioventricular valve)

Answer 14

betweens heart’s left upper and lower chamber

Question 15

semilunar valve

Answer 15

one located at the opening of the aorta and the other at the opening of the pulmonary artery, each consisting of three crescent-shaped cusps

Question 16

pyloric sphincter or valve

Answer 16

is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum

Question 17

function of alkaloid colchicine

Answer 17

blocks the mitotic cycle of plants and animals

Question 18

function of colchicine

Answer 18

inhibits microtubule activity

Question 19

characteristic of thyroid hormones

Answer 19

contains iodine and cannot be produced without it ; thyroxin and triiodothyronine contain iodine

Question 20

thyroid gland mammalian secretes

Answer 20

calcitonin- lowers the calcium levels in the blood

Question 21

I-131

Answer 21

ingestion of radioactive 1-131 will help determine thyroid activity . ingest with water and will concentrate in the thyroid

Question 22

In kidney physiology vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles leads to:

Answer 22

a decreased rate of filtration; blood flow is decreased; decreases the volume of urine flow

Question 23

only interacting with cell-surface receptors

Answer 23

insulin

Question 24

will bind to nuclear receptors

Answer 24

steroid hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone.

Question 25

unique to angiosperms

Answer 25

double fertilization

Question 26

earthworm characteristics

Answer 26

is an invertebrate, have no respiratory organs, thus respiration takes place through moist skin, moist skin is needed for O2 to passively diffuse

Question 27

The process that is common in aerobic and anaerobic organisms

Answer 27

Glycolysis

Question 28

Cellular respiration 3 major processes

Answer 28

GKP- Glycolysis, The Krebs Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 29

indeterminate cleavage

Answer 29

of a zygote will allow a human twin to be produced; each cell that is made retains its capacity to develop into a viable embryo

Question 30

hepatic vein

Answer 30

allow blood to leave the liver. will empty into the inferior vena cava allowing the blood to be returned to the general circulation

Question 31

hepatic artery

Answer 31

is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus (a part of the stomach), duodenum (a part of the small intestine) and pancreas.

Question 32

inferior vena cava

Answer 32

is the large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart.

Question 33

what could cause the yellow coloring in jaundice

Answer 33

excess bilirubin (Bilirubin is the yellow breakdown product of normal heme catabolis)

Question 34

Which hormone stimulates the release of bile

Answer 34

Cholecystokinin is a hormone released by the cells of the duodenum that stimulates bile release.

Question 35

Products of a light reaction of photosynthesis

Answer 35

ATP , O2 and NADPH

Question 36

2 pigments used in photosynthesis

Answer 36

chlorophulls and carotenoids

Question 37

autotrophs

Answer 37

make their own food; make organic molecules from inorganic raw materials which they get from the environment.

Question 38

function of ciliary muscle

Answer 38

adjusts lens shape in the eye

Question 39

papillae

Answer 39

projections on tongue surface , that provides friction for handling foo sand contain taste buds

Question 40

papillary muscle

Answer 40

cone shaped muscles located in the heart

Question 41

echinoderm characteristics

Answer 41

invertebrates, no segmentation, adults display radial symmetry, include starfish sea urchins and sea cucumbers

Question 42

convergent evolution

Answer 42

when two distinct species with differing ancestries evolve to yield similar physical features

Question 43

divergent evolution

Answer 43

accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species, usually a result of diffusion of the same species to different and isolated environments

Question 44

what is erythropoietin

Answer 44

hormone released primarily from the kidneys and will stimulate RBC formation in the bone marrow

Question 45

Where do platelets, leukocytes and erythrocytes develop

Answer 45

pluripotent stem cell

Question 46

stroke

Answer 46

death of nervous issue in the brain

Question 47

thrombus

Answer 47

blood clot that forms in a vessel abnormally

Question 48

which cells are most abundant (least)

Answer 48

most: erythrocytes, least: leukocytes

Question 49

what happens when injured cell releases histamine

Answer 49

WBC migrate out of blood capillaries

Question 50

ecdysone

Answer 50

in insects, molting and metamorphosis are regulated by this hormone