(13.2) Reproductive System of the Dog - Female Genital Organs

Question 1

The female genital organs are the following:

Answer 1

– Ovaries
– Uterine tubes/Oviducts
– Uterus
– Vagina
– Vulva (vestibule of the vagina)

Question 2

Genital accessory organ

Answer 2

Mammary glands

Question 3

are paired female gonads

Answer 3

Ovaries

Question 4

What structure lies near the dorsal body wall, caudal to the caudal pole of the associated kidneys, and several centimeters caudal to the last rib?

Answer 4

Ovaries

Question 5

Its shape is a flat, ovoid structure with cranial and caudal poles; smaller and smoother in non-cycling bitch, slightly larger and markedly more irregular in cycling bitch

Answer 5

Ovaries

Question 6

This ligament extends between the cranial pole of the ovaries and the dorsal body wall

Answer 6

Suspensory ligament

Question 7

This ligament extends between the ovary and tip of the uterine horn

Answer 7

Proper ligament of the ovary

Question 8

surrounds the ovary, formed from mesovarium and mesosalpinx

Answer 8

Ovarian bursa

Question 9

Ovaries Vasculature

Answer 9

Ovarian arteries

Question 10

• An extremely fine-bore tubular structure extending from the ovary to the uterine horn

Answer 10

Uterine Tubes (Salpinx or Oviducts or Fallopian tube)

Question 11

– Originates on the medial surface of the ovary, passes cranially, and then turns around the cranial ovarian pole to course caudally along the lateral ovarian surface to gain the tip of the uterine horn
– Surrounded by mesosalpinx

Answer 11

Uterine Tubes (Salpinx or Oviducts or Fallopian tube)

Question 12

funnel-shaped portion of the uterine tube that embraces the ovary

Answer 12

Infundibulum

Question 13

villous projections from the infundibulum; massage the surface of the ovary at ovulation to facilitate the retrieval of oocytes

Answer 13

Fimbriae

Question 14

site where the uterine tube opens into the uterine horn

Answer 14

Uterine ostium

Question 15

Uterine Tubes Vasculature

Answer 15

Ovarian and uterine arteries

Question 16

• A muscular organ of female mammals that houses the fetuses during development and contracts to expel them during parturition

Answer 16

Uterus

Question 17

It extends through the abdomen in a longitudinal, cranial-caudal orientation; extends from near the ovary to the pelvic inlet

Answer 17

Uterus

Question 18

mingles with jejunal loops, near the dorsal body wall

Answer 18

Nonparous bitch

Question 19

gradually sinks ventrally as the pregnancy advances; fully gravid uterus lie directly on the ventral belly wall and displaces the digestive viscera dorsal to it

Answer 19

Pregnant bitch

Question 20

involutes, lie ventral to dorsal body wall, intermingle with the intestines

Answer 20

After parturition

Question 21

Uterus resembles a capital?

Answer 21

Y

Question 22

• Most elongate portion of the uterus
• Site for gestation
• Extend from a point just caudal to the last rib to a point just cranial to the pelvic brim

Answer 22

Uterine horns

Question 23

• Short in litter bearing species
• Main function is to direct fetuses to the cervix for delivery
• Positioned mainly in the caudal abdominal region; a small part may extend into the cranial pelvic region

Answer 23

Uterine body

Question 24

• Obliquely positioned, thickened partition at the junction of the uterus and vagina that act as a muscular sphincter
• Holds the uterus closed at all times except during estrus and parturition to preserve the sterile condition of the uterus
• Located within the cranial pelvic region

Answer 24

Uterine cervix

Question 25

positioned obliquely within the muscular mass of the cervix

Answer 25

Cervical canal

Question 26

opening between the cervical canal and the vagina

Answer 26

External uterine orifice

Question 27

opening between the cervical canal and the uterine body

Answer 27

Internal uterine orifice

Question 28

blind pocket at the cranial end of the vagina formed by the oblique positioning of the cervix at the uterovaginal junction

Answer 28

Vaginal fornix

Question 29

branch of vaginal artery; supplies the uterine cervix, body and horns

Answer 29

Uterine artery

Question 30

contributes to the arterial supply of the cranial regions of the uterine horn

Answer 30

Ovarian artery

Question 31

specialized double fold of peritoneum; links and supports ovaries and uterus and transmits vessels and nerves ( ligament )

Answer 31

Broad ligament

Question 32

Contains smooth muscle, capable of storing considerable amounts of fat

Answer 32

Composition

Question 33

extends from the dorsolateral body wall to the ovaries, uterine horns and uterine body

Answer 33

Position

Question 34

This region supports the ovary

Answer 34

Mesovarium

Question 35

This region supports the uterine tube

Answer 35

Mesosalpinx

Question 36

• The largest region; supports the uterine horn and body

Answer 36

Mesometrium

Question 37

This ligament passes through the inguinal canal to end in the vaginal process

Answer 37

Round ligament of uterus

Question 38

• A muscular, distensible portion of the tubular female reproductive tract • Extends from the caudal end of the cervix to the cranial end of the vestibule • Extends beyond the pelvic cavity both cranially and caudally

Answer 38

Vagina

Question 39

Folds on the mucosal surface of the vagina,contributes to the distensibility of the vaginal wall

Answer 39

Longitudinal folds

Question 40

a branch of internal pudendal arteries

Answer 40

Vaginal arteries

Question 41

• Final common passageway from both the uterus and the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body

Answer 41

Vestibule

Question 42

a ridge along the vestibular floor; marks the point where the vagina and urethra enter a final common passageway

Answer 42

Urethral tubercle

Question 43

– Located in bilateral lines on each side of the ventral midline

Answer 43

Mammary Gland

Question 44

Breeds that contains four to six glands

Answer 44

Larger breeds

Question 45

Breeds that contains four glands on each side

Answer 45

Smaller breeds

Question 46

– Are modified sweat glands – Each gland is composed of a separate collection of epithelial glandular tissue, the associated papilla (teat), connective tissue and the skin covering – The glandular tissue proliferates extensively during pregnancy and lactation; after lactation the mammary,tissue involutes remarkably so that relatively little is left

Answer 46

Mammary Gland

Question 47

– Within each mammary gland, subdivisions of glandular tissue are separate both anatomically and functionally – Duct systems within each subdivisions coalesce into progressively larger passageways leading to the teat – The smallest passages deep within the gland lead to the gland sinus – Because multiple ducts remain separate from each other, multiple teat orifices are present at the end of each teat – Results in a sieve-like pattern of pin-hole sized openings visible to the naked eye.

Answer 47

Duct system

Question 48

(located within the gland)

Answer 48

Gland sinus

Question 49

(located within the body of the teat)

Answer 49

Teat sinus

Question 50

(located in the distal end of the teat)

Answer 50

Teat canal

Question 51

(at the teat surface)

Answer 51

Teat orifice