HOS II Unit 6

Question 1

Martin Luther’s father

Answer 1

Strict father, wanted him to be a lawyer

Question 2

Legend of the Lightning storm

Answer 2

Asked God to spare his life in a storm; would become a monk if he survived, became Augustinian monk

Question 3

Luther’s view of God

Answer 3

A righteous lawgiver and administrator of justice, fixated on sin, damnation, punishment, and God’s wrath

Question 4

Date Luther posts 95 Theses

Answer 4

October 31, 1517

Question 5

95 Theses

Answer 5

contained statements regarding Church practices - mainly indulgences and the selling of indulgences

Question 6

Johann Tetzel

Answer 6

Well known for selling indulgences

Question 7

After being corrected by the Church, Luther

Answer 7

Refused to recant

Question 8

Pope Leo X offers Luther

Answer 8

2 months to recant or face excommunication. Luther burnt letter and said he should have burned the Pope

Question 9

Indulgences remiss

Answer 9

Temporal sin

Question 10

Sola Scriptura

Answer 10

(Scripture Alone) Scripture is considered the only authority on faith and doctrine

Question 11

Sola Fide

Answer 11

(Faith Alone) Salvation is acquired simply by believing in God’s mercy

Question 12

Sola Gratia

Answer 12

(Grace Alone) Every good action is a direct result of God’s grace

Question 13

Solo Christo

Answer 13

(Christ Alone) Christ is the sole mediator of grace

Question 14

Luther on Sacraments

Answer 14

Rejects all sacraments, except Baptism and Eucharist

Question 15

Luther on Eucharist

Answer 15

Luther reinterprets the Real Presence of Jesus in the Eucharist as “consubstantiation”

Question 16

Consubstantiation

Answer 16

Bread and wine coexist with the Body and Blood of Jesus

Question 17

Diet of Worms

Answer 17

condemned Luther as a heretic, Luther was then kidnapped by supporters and his at a castle in Wartberg, translates Bible in Germanic

Question 18

HRE Charles V

Answer 18

Calls Diet of Worms

Question 19

Peasants Revolt

Answer 19

German Princes saw political opportunity in Luther’s cause, cause trickled down to peasant class

Question 20

Augsburg Confession

Answer 20

Attempt to resolve conflict between Catholics and Lutherans, conflict resumes

Question 21

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 21

declares the Prince as the one to set the religion of his own area

Question 22

The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Answer 22

Calvin’s most significant writing, summarizes Calvin’s beliefs

Question 23

Calvin’s beliefs

Answer 23

Scripture is sole source of Revalation, denied sacraments and practices not found in the Bible, man was incapable of good acts

Question 24

Calvin’s Predestination theory

Answer 24

God predestines some people for salvation, others for damnation, wealth becomes a sign of God’s favor

Question 25

Theocracy in Geneva

Answer 25

Calvin takes control of Geneva where he established a religious totalitarianism, maintained lists of “pious” and “corrupt” people

Question 26

King Henry VIII

Answer 26

Wanted an annulment with Catherine of Aragon b/c they did not have a son, had fallen in love with Anne Boleyn, founds Anglican Church

Question 27

The Act of Supremecy

Answer 27

Proclaims the King as the supreme head of the Church in England

Question 28

Sts. Thomas More and John Fisher

Answer 28

famous martyrdoms that remained loyal to the Pope in England

Question 29

Thomas Cromwell

Answer 29

Henry’s adviser, oversaw the confiscation of all Church property, including all English monasteries

Question 30

In terms of theology, Henry viewed himself as

Answer 30

Catholic, he fought against Lutheran teachings, advisers secretly promoted Lutheran ideas

Question 31

Edward VI

Answer 31

Allowed thoas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury,to run the church, introduces Lutheran and Calvinist reforms, Book of Common Prayer

Question 32

Mary I

Answer 32

Tries to restore Catholicism, nicknamed Bloody Mary for executing 227 peopl

Question 33

Elizabeth I

Answer 33

Promoted Protestant beliefs, maintained Catholic appearances, made any formof Catholicism illegal

Question 34

Council of Trent date

Answer 34

1545

Question 35

Coucil of Trent

Answer 35

Called by Pope Paul III to bring true reform to the Church and respond to Protestant heresies

Question 36

Scripture and Tradition in Council of Trent

Answer 36

• Scripture and Tradition are sources of God’s revalation and they interpreted by HS

Question 37

Original Sin in Council of Trent

Answer 37

• Original Sin does not destroy man’s ability to cooperate with grace

Question 38

Sacraments in Council of Trent

Answer 38

all seven were instituted by Christ as a mean of salvation

Question 39

Clergy in Council of Trent

Answer 39

halted abuses and illict benefits some clergy received, established seminary system to educate clergy, Bishops ordered to live in their dioceses

Question 40

Other reforms of Council of Trent

Answer 40

Relics and saints more clearly defined, role of indulgences clearly defined, Index of forbidden Books made to guide Catholics away from heresy, Catechism created

Question 41

Discalced Carmelites

Answer 41

a reformation of the Carmelite order undertaken by St. Teresa of Avila and St. Joh of the Cross

Question 42

St. Phillip Neri

Answer 42

“Reformer of Rome”,founded “Oratorians”, helped make Rome once again the central city of Catholicism

Question 43

St. Ignatius of Loyola background

Answer 43

Spanish nobleman, trained to be a knight, spent a year in a cave focusing on prayer and what God whanted him to do, enrolled in University

Question 44

Founding of the Jesuits

Answer 44

while in university, St. Ignatius attracts followers and became the Society of Jesus

Question 45

Jesuits

Answer 45

monastic group which took a special vow of obedience to the Pope, known for militaristic discipline and total service to the Church and poor

Question 46

Jesut influence

Answer 46

sought to counteract Protestantism, served as Catholic advisers to many rulers

Question 47

Jesuit collapse

Answer 47

Pope Clement XIV dissolved the Jesuit Order, Pope Pius VII restores Jesuits 40 years later