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SA dx/tx > Uvea > Flashcards

Uvea Flashcards

1
Q

What are PPMs?

A

Incomplete absorption of embryonic vascular tissue and mesenchymal tissue
Originate from the iris collarette

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2
Q

What is the iris collarette?

A

Separates ciliary zone from pupillary zone

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3
Q

What does the uvea do?

A

Aqueous production
Maintenance of blood-ocular barrier
Light regulation
Accommodation

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4
Q

What are the two components of the blood ocular barrier?

A

Blood aqueous barrier
Blood retinal barrier

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5
Q

What does the disruption of the blood ocular barrier cause?

A

Uveitis

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6
Q

What are the components of uveitis?

A

Inflammation of the uvea
Increased blood supply
Augmented vessel permeability
White blood cell migration
Breakdown of the blood ocular barrier

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7
Q

What are the clinical signs of uveitits?

A

Blepharospasm
Epiphora
Photophobia
Red eye - ciliary flush, episcleral injection
Corneal edema
Miosis - charley horse of the eye, contraction of muscles
Aqueous flare
Hyphema
Hypopyon - WBC in the anterior chamber, sinks to the bottom of the eye
Fibrin - mainly cats and horses
Keratic precipitates
Swollen/thickened iris
Iris hyperemia
Rubeosis iridis (chronic)
Decreased intraocular pressure

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8
Q

What are the main chronic clinical signs of uveitis?

A

Posterior synechia
Iris hyperpigmentation (prostaglandin)
Cataract
Secondary lens luxation
Secondary glaucoma
Retinal detachment
Phthisis bulbi

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9
Q

What is the most common type of uveitis?

A

Endogenous - comes from inside the eye or bloodstream

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10
Q

What would you see with disseminated mycotic infections?

A

Pyogranulomatous inflammation
Often involves posterior segment

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11
Q

What would you see with intraocular nematodiasis?

A

Identification of parasite
Migratory tracts in retina

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12
Q

What would you see with rickettsial diseases?

A

Vasculitis and retinal hemorrhage
Especially with Ehrlichia

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13
Q

What would you see with lens-induced uveitis?

A

Leakage of lens proteins from a cataract
Very common
Suspect in any red eye with a cataract
Results from exposure of immunologically isolated lens protein to the immune system

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14
Q

What would you see with uveodermatologic syndrome?

A

Autoimmune disease directed against melanocytes
Severe bilateral panuveitis
Depigmentation of iris and/or choroid
Ulceration and vitiligo of facial mucocutaneous junctions
Akitas

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15
Q

What would you see with hyperlipidemia?

A

Elevation of either cholesterol or triglycerides
Milky white lipid laden aqueous

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16
Q

What would you see with pigmentary uveitis of the golden retriever?

A

Pigment deposition on lens and corneal endothelium
Iris hyperpigmentation
Fibrin like substances in anterior chamber
Uveal cysts associated with disease
Secondary glaucoma

17
Q

What would you see with metastatic neoplasia?

A

Tendency to affect anterior uvea
Multifocal nodular iris masses

18
Q

What would you expect to see with cryptococcosis in a cat?

A

Chorioretinitis - extension from CNS
URI
Swelling over bride of nose
Cutaneous lesions

19
Q

If hyphemia is present, what diagnostic do you want to include?

A

Blood pressure

20
Q

What should you use for uveitis therapy?

A

Topical corticosteroids (prednisolone acetate or neopolydex) - NEVER USE IF CORNEAL ULCER
Topical NSAIDs (flubriprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac) - safe with ulcers, can be used with topical steroids
Systemic corticosteroids
Systemic NSAIDs - cannot be used with oral steroids, can be used with topical steroids
Topical mydriatics (atropine) - cannot use with glaucoma
+/- antimicrobials/antifungals

21
Q

What differentiates uveal cysts from tumors?

A

Transilluminate the cyst

22
Q

Most intraocular tumors in the dog are

A

benign

23
Q

What is the most common intraocular tumor in the dog?

A

Melanoma/melanocytoma

24
Q

Most intraocular tumors in the cat are

A

metastatic

25
Q

What is the most common intraocular tumor in a cat?

A

Feline diffuse iris melanoma
Never ignore pigmentation in a cat eye
Enucleation of the eye once progresses

26
Q

What is the most common secondary uveal tumor in cats and dogs?

A

lymphoma

SA dx/tx (26 decks)

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