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Mass Comm > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

disruptive transition

A

radical change in an industry brought about by the introduction of some new technology or product

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2
Q

Acta Diurna

A

written on a tablet, an account of the deliberations of the Roman senate; an early “newspaper”

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3
Q

corantos

A

one-page news sheets on specific events, printed in English but published in Holland and imported into England by British booksellers; an early “newspaper”

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4
Q

diurnals

A

daily accounts of local news printed in 1620s England; forerunners of our daily newspaper

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5
Q

broadsides (broadsheets)

A

early colonial newspapers imported from England, single-sheet announcements or accounts of events; also called broadsheets

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6
Q

illiteracy

A

the inability to read or write

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7
Q

Bill of Rights

A

the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution

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8
Q

First Amendment

A

“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peacefully to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”

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9
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Congress making illegal the writing, publishing, or printing of “any false scandalous and malicious writing” about the president, Congress, or the U.S. government

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10
Q

penny press

A

newspapers in the 1830s selling for one penny

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11
Q

wire services

A

news-gathering organizations that provide content to members

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12
Q

yellow journalism

A

early 20th-century journalism emphasizing sensational sex, crime, and disaster news

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13
Q

newspaper chains

A

businesses that own two or more newspapers

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14
Q

pass-along readership

A

measurement of publication readers who neither subscribe nor buy single copies but who borrow a copy or read one in a doctor’s office or library

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15
Q

zoned editions

A

suburban or regional versions of metropolitan newspapers

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16
Q

hyperlocal free weeklies

A

no-cost news and information outlets serving discrete locales within larger cities and towns

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17
Q

ethnic press

A

papers, often in a foreign language, aimed at minority, immigrant, and non-English readers

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18
Q

Brief history of newspapers

A

The earliest - Acta Diurna (on a tablet)

17th century roots, europes corantos

Colonial newspapers (broadsides or broadsheets)

1790 Bill of rights

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19
Q

First Amendment Protections

A

Freedom of speech or of the press

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20
Q

Penny Press and 4 ways it changes the industry

A
  1. Annual subscription to one penny
  2. Money support from subscription to ads
  3. Political essays to new beats (courts, crime, arts)
  4. Delivery from mail to street corner
21
Q

Wire services history

A

Associated press 1900, united press 1900, international news service 1909

22
Q

Yellow journalism

A

Sensationalist news (Joseph pulitzer), giant headlines, heavy use of illustrations, reliance on cartoons and color

23
Q

Newspaper competition and audiences

A

Radio - instant news
Television - engaging news
6 to 10 American adults read a daily news paper every week

24
Q

Newspaper industry - dailies, metro weeklies, and ethnic press

A

dailies - wall street journal, USA today, New York Times
Over 7,000 newspapers operate in the US, 17% are dailies, 77% are weeklies, and 8% are semiweekly

25
Q

Newspapers and advertising

A

Print ad revenues fell 62% from 2008 to 2018, 40% of all Americans read a print or online paper everyday, Newspapers are local

26
Q

Trends of convergence with the internet

A

There is fear that newspapers will fail to successfully combat print’s failing business model, as younger readers turn toward the internet and social media for news.
The internet has proven most directly financially damaging to newspapers’ advertising business.
Only 20% of Americans pay for an online news source.
Hyper commercialization.
Erosion of the firewall, the barrier between a paper’s editorial mission and its advertising mission.
Sponsored content.
Papers may abandon their journalistic mission.
Vulture funds decimating editorial staff.
Shrinking new shoe.

27
Q

changing readership

A

What happens to journalistic integrity when front pages are given over to topics that younger readers want?
What kind of culture develops on soft news rather than hard news?
What happens to journalistic integrity when front pages are given over to reports of starlets’ affairs, sports heroes’ retirements, and full-color photos of plane wrecks?

28
Q

alternative press

A

typically weekly, free papers emphasizing events listings, local arts advertising, and “eccentric” personal classified ads

29
Q

feature syndicates

A

clearinghouses for the work of columnists, cartoonists, and other creative individuals, providing their work to newspapers and other media outlets

30
Q

sponsored content

A

content that matches the form and function of an editorial but is, in fact, paid for by an advertiser

31
Q

newshole

A

the amount of space in a newspaper given to news

32
Q

engagement reporting

A

calling on citizens to solicit tips, find sources, and identify under-reported stories

33
Q

paywall

A

making online content available only to those visitors willing to pay

34
Q

micropayments

A

small payments for individual stories provided by an aggregator

35
Q

impressions

A

the number of times an online ad is seen

36
Q

integrated audience reach

A

total numbers of the print edition of a newspaper plus unduplicated Web readers

37
Q

click bait

A

Web content designed to attract ad impressions

38
Q

soft news

A

sensational stories that do not serve the democratic function of journalism

39
Q

hard news

A

news stories that help readers make intelligent decisions and keep up with important issues

40
Q

agenda setting

A

the theory that media may not tell us what to think but do tell us what to think about

41
Q

e-replica edition

A

an online version of a newspaper that mimics its print version in look and format

42
Q

What is the firewall?

A

The fire wall is the once inviolate barrier between newspapers’ editorial and advertising missions.

43
Q

Why is the newspaper an attractive medium for advertisers?

A

they continue to attract millions of print and online readers.

44
Q

What are the 6 different types of newspapers?

A
  1. National Daily Newspapers
  2. Large Metropolitan Dailies
  3. Suburban and Small-Town Dailies
  4. Weeklies and Semiweeklies
  5. The Ethnic Press
  6. The Alternative Press
45
Q

When did newspaper chains begin?

A

Hearst owned several big-city papers in the 1880s.

46
Q

The earliest known new publication was in roman times and called ____?

A

Acta Durma

47
Q

What was the first daily newspaper published in colonial america?

A

Publick Occurences Both Forreign and Domestick

48
Q

The creation of a wire service, the associated press, was significant because ___?

A

It was cheaper for newspapers to use the wire service instead of sending reporters out to remote locations

49
Q

What was the North Star?

A

The most significant african american newspaper before the civil war

Mass Comm (21 decks)

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