Upper GI Tract Diseases Flashcards
a client calls you because her cow looks like this but doesn’t seem to have any clinical signs. Differential?
bovine papular stomatitis (parapox virus), FMD (would be lesions on the feet), BVDV, vesicular stomatitis
How do you treat bovine papular stomatitis?
you dont, it’s self limiting! only thing you could do is soften the feed if the cow is anorexic
this is susan and this mass on her mandible is hard and not freely movable under the skin. It is not hot or cold, to the touch. what are your differentials for this? how will you diagnose? prognosis?
lumpy jaw (actinomycosis/actinomyces bovis) since it appears to be attached to the bone
others: actinobacillosis (wooden tongue, not attached to bone), abscess or foreign body (this would be movable, hot, and soft), osteomyelitis, tooth root abscess, fracture, tumor
diagnosis is based on location of lesion and history
prognosis depends on chronicity & extent, it can’t be cured but progression can be slowed
pathogenesis and clinical signs of lumpy jaw?
bacteria is an oral commensal–>trauma to the mouth and break in mucosa–>into tissues and bones, pyogranulomatous response
CS: hard immovable bony mass, pain/malaligned teeth, loss of BCS, dischatge when breaks thru skin, sulphur granules
how do you treat lumpy jaw?
Na idoide 20% IV, dont use if late pregnancy
how do you prevent lumpy jaw?
reduce risk of mucosal injury, dont allpw sharp feed and kep foregin material OUT
can debride and flush fistulous tracts or remove any teeth if root is affected
this is Herman. When you go to feel this mass, it is soft and moveable, but not hot. Differentials? how will you diagnose?
actinobacillosis/wooden tongue (actinobacillosis ligneresii)
lumpy jaw, foreign body, cutaneous lymphosarcoma, if this cow can’t swallow maybe rabies or choke
can diagnose on clinical signs alone :)
what are the similarities and differences of lumpy jaw (actinomycoses) and wooden tongue (actinobacillosis)
both have the same pathogenesis: commensal of the oroparynx, mucosal break via trauma, invasion into tissue, both form granulomatous abscesses
lumpy jaw gets into the bone, wooden tongue is ONLy the soft tissues
lumpy jaw tends not to spread to local LNS, while wooden tongue can
clinical signs of wooden tongue?
swollen hard tongue, variable dysphagia or anorexia, salivation, difficulty moving tongue
how should you treat wooden tongue? prognosis?
Na iodide 20% 70mg/kg repeat 2x at 10 day inervals, can also do antimicrobials such as oxytetracycline
prognosis is good if disease is early, very few relapses
which animal should you consider culling ASAP, one with lumpy jaw or one with wooden tongue?
lumpy jaw–>don’t respond to treatment well
wooden tongue–> can recover and respond to treatment well
you are called in to see a 4 week old calf that is reluctant to eat but is willing to drink, excessively salivating, looks depressed with sunken eyes. When you look in the mouth you see some mucosal injury and some necrosis. Differentials? how will you treat this animal?
oral necorbacillosis/necrotic stomatitis (calf diptheria)
no other ddx listed in slides
tx: oral antibiotics like sulfas and penicillins
clinical signs of oral necrobacillosis?
depressed, anorexia, foul breath (anaerobe), ropey saliva, deep buccal ulcers
pharyngeal disorders can commonly present as swelling, coughing, and an extended head and neck. What are differential diagnoses? How do you treat pharyngeal disorders?
lymphosarcoma, abscess, rabies
broad spec antibiotic for 1-2 weeks
what is pharyngeal phlegmon? clinical signs and treatment?
sporadic fusobacterium necrophorum infection of the pharynx where it has gotten into the SQ tissues. Can develop fatal cellulitis.
signs are of sudden severe toxemia: high fever 41.5, tachycardia >100bpm, depression, soft tissue swelling within and caudal to mandible that may extend down into the brisket, may be dyspneic
if there is no treatment the cow will die. treat with IV or IM antimicrobials like TMS or oxytetracycline, ceftiofur–>need something that will penetrate tissues well
