Chapters 12: Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

protracts shoulder and rotates scapula and depresses apex of shoulder

A

pectoralis minor

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2
Q

prime mover of forward reaching, throwing, and pushing actions; “boxer muscle”

A

serratus anterior

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3
Q

stabilizes, raises, retracts, and rotates scapula

A

trapezius

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4
Q

elevates adducts and rotates scapula

A

levator scapulae

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5
Q

retracts scapula and brace shoulder

A

rhomboid major and minor

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6
Q

prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially, adducts arm

A

pectoralis major

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7
Q

prime mover of arm extension; adduction and medial rotation at shoulder

A

latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

prime mover of arm abduction

A

deltoid

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9
Q

Rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis; reinforces joint capsule and holds head of humerus in glenoid cavity

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10
Q

initiates abduction of scapula, prevents downward dislocation of humerus

A

supraspinatus

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11
Q

rotates humerus laterally, stabilizes shoulder

A

infraspinatus

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12
Q

prevents humeral head from sliding upward as arm is abducted; medially rotates humerus

A

subscapularis

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13
Q

prevents humeral head from sliding upward as arm is abducted; extends and laterally rotates humerus

A

teres minor

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14
Q

prime mover of elbow flexion; origin ont of distal humerus; insertion coronoid process of ulna

A

brachialis

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15
Q

flexes and supinates elbow; origin coracoid process of scapula and supraglenoid tubercle of humerus

A

biceps brachii

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16
Q

extends elbow and adducts humerus

A

triceps brachii

17
Q

flexes elbow; on forearm

A

brachioradialis

18
Q

flexes, extends, abducts, and adducts the hand

A

extrinsic muscles

19
Q

finer movements in hand

A

intrinsic muacles

20
Q

major extensor of thigh; inactive while standing; elevates truck; prevents trunk pitching when running

A

gluteus maximus

21
Q

abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis

A

gluteus medius

22
Q

abducts the femur; medially rotates the thigh; shifts weight

A

gluteus minimus

23
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

4 heads: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

24
Q

flexes knee and hip; abducts and rotates thigh laterally; cross legs; longest muscle in body

A

sartorius

25
Q

hamstrings

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus; flexes the joint that is not fixed/ (hamstring curls vs RDL); thigh extension and knee extension

26
Q

muscles that act on foot

A

crural muscles

27
Q

dorsiflexes and inverts foot, resists backward tipping of body; “toe tapper” site of shin splints

A

tibialis anterior

28
Q

plantar flexes foot; flexes knee; walking, running, jumping

A

gastrocnemius

29
Q

plantar flexes foot; steadies leg on ankle when standing

A

soleus

30
Q

Calcaneal (achilles) tendon

A

attaches both gastrocnemius and soleus to the calcaneus (heel); strongest tendon in body

31
Q

flexor digitorum longus

A

flexes phalanges II-IV

32
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

flexes digit 1

33
Q

inverts foot

A

tibialis posterior

34
Q

plantar flexes and inverts foot

A

fibularis (peroneus) Brevis and Fibularis (peroneus) longus

35
Q

extends proximal phalanx I and all phalanges of digits II-IV; only muscle on dorsum of foot

A

extensor digitorum Brevis