DNA organisation

Question 1

Name given to DNA when combined with protein

Answer 1

Chromatin

Question 2

What is a histone

Answer 2

100 amino acids

Question 3

What are the 4 main histones involved in 1st level of DNA packing

Answer 3

H2A, H2B, H3, H4

Question 4

What is a histone octamer

Answer 4

2 of each type of histone cluster - 8 histones

Question 5

What is formed when DNA loops twice around an octamer

Answer 5

Nucleosome

Question 6

What is the linker DNA and what else is found here

Answer 6

The DNA between nucelosomes - H1

Question 7

What structure is formed from interactions between nucleosomes and linker DNA

Answer 7

Coiled chromatin fibres

Question 8

What forms a looped domain

Answer 8

Attachment of coiled chromatin fibres to chromosome scaffold proteins

Question 9

What is the result of looped domains folding

Answer 9

Chromosome

Question 10

Structure of a chromosome (4)

Answer 10

Centromere, p arm + q arm and telomere

Question 11

What are the 2 ways in which homologous pairs are identical

Answer 11

Chromosome length
Position of centromere

Question 12

4 classifications depending on position of centromere

Answer 12

Metacentric - middle
Submetacentric - between middle and end
Acrocentric - close to end
Telocentric - End

Question 13

What stain is used to visualise banding patterns

Answer 13

Giemsa stain