Overview for control and regulation Flashcards
What is the difference between the set point and the set zone
Set point - desired value of a molecule
Set zone - range of tolerance within a system
What is an amphibolic process
A process that involves both anabolic and catabolic reactions
What is negative and positive feedback
N - reverse deviations from normal
P- amplify deviations from normal
What are the 2 types of allostery
Allosteric inhibition
Allosteric stimulation
Give 4 examples of activated carrier molecules
NAD, FAD, NADP and CoA
Give one difference between the nervous and the endocrine system
N is fast to detect changes and immediate to respond whereas E has a slower response time but a prolonged response
What are glands
A group of epithelial cells which produce specialised secretions
What is unique about endocrine glands
They are ductless glands
Give an example of a protein, amine and steroid hormone
P - Insulin
S - Oestrogen
A - Adrenaline
What is a hormone cascade pathway
When a hormone stimulates the release of a series of other hormones and the last one activates a non-endocrine target cell
What is the endocrine’s system main control centre
The hypothalamus
What does the thyroid gland control the level of in the blood
Calcium
Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood calcium levels, where is it released, what is the target and how does it work
PTH - parathyroid glands - small intestine - increases calcium absorbed by the small intestine
Which hormone is responsible for decreasing blood calcium levels, where is it released, what is the target and how does it work
Calcitonin - thyroid glands - bones and kidneys - decreases reabsorption of calcium into bones and kidneys
