Advanced deck A Flashcards
azotemia
condxn of too much nitrogen, creatinine, and other waste products in blood. Symptoms may include chest pain, low extremity swelling, lack of urination, fatigue.
Babinski sign
stimulation of the lateral plantar aspect of the foot leads to dorsiflexion of the big toe.
biphasic
having two phases
blepharoplasty
surgical cosmetic correction to improve the appearance of eyelids
Cardiolite / thallium scan
uses radioactive tracer to see how much blood is reaching different parts of the heart.
bupivacaine (Marcaine)
local anesthetic used in surgical procedures for regional anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, spinal, local infiltration
cauda equina
sack of nerve roots ( nerves leaving spinal cord b/t spaces in bones of the spine to reach other body parts) at the lower end of the spinal cord. Provide sensation in the legs and the bladder.
coagulopathy
any derangement of hemostasis resulting in excessive bleeding or clotting/impaired clot formation.
dermatochalasis
presence of loose skin and redundant eyelid skin. Common sign of periocular aging.
ecchymosis
bruises; blood pooling under skin caused by blood vessel breakage.
EIA antigen test
Enzyme immunoassays detect the virus antigen in patient stool specimens. Detects presence of infection such as salmonella
erythropoietin EPO
glycoprotein hormone, naturally produced by peritubular cells in the kidney to stimulate rbc produxn.
glioblastoma multiforme GBM
grade IV astrocytoma; fast-growing aggressive brain tumor. Invades nearby brain tissue but does not spread to distant organs.
granulomatosis with polyangiitis GPA
rare disorder of blood vessel (granulomatous tissue) inflammation , respiratory tract, and kidneys leading to damage of major body organs.
herniorrhaphy
surgical repair of a hernia; pushing the bulging tissue back into place and repairing weakened connective tissue + muscle known as the hernia defect
hyperaldosteronism
adrenal glands released too much aldosterone, often caused by benign tumor. Can cause excess water and salt retention raising blood pressure and decreased K levels; cramps, weakness.
hyperplastic
type of serrated polyp in the colon; low risk for turning cancerous. Generally removed to ensure they aren’t malignant
hyper serotonergic
excessive accumulation of serotonin causing serotonin syndrome usually due to medication; confusion, edginess, restlessness, headache, etc
hypopharynx
bottom part of the pharynx ending at the top of the trachea and esophagus
hypopnea
slowed, shallow restricted breathing occurring in 10 s or longer episodes repeatedly during sleep. Often occurs with sleep apnea.
Langerhans cell hisiocytosis LCH
rare disease of LCH cells excess; normally helps fight infection; swollen lymph nodes, abdominal pain, delayed puberty, seizures, irritability, deteriorating neuro function
levator aponeurosis
transmits the force of the levator muscle to life the upper eyelid. Dehiscence, disinsertion, or stretching can lead to ptosis
lumbosacral spine
supports majority of body’s weight and protects primary nerves arising from spinal cord.
macrocytosis
enlarged rbcs; decrease in oxygen delivered to main tissues.
normocytic normochromic anemia
rbcs are the same size and have a normal red color; these types of anemias are often a product of other diseases.
neutropenia
low level of neutrophils; type of white blood cell; destroy bacteria and yeasts and are made in the bone marrow
MediPort
medical appliance surgically installed beneath the skin. Catheter connects the port to a vein to deliver medicine, blood, nutrients, or fluids to bloodstream. Chemotherapy typically given via.
meningismus
clinical syndrome of headache, neck stiffness, photophobia, nausea, vomiting. Often caused by meninges inflammation but can also be via increased intracranial pressure
mycosis fungoides
skin lymphoma that affects the body’s T cells. Occurs when white cells become cancerous; often a skin rash is the first sign. No known cure.
myelodysplasia
group of cancers in which immature blood cells in the marrow do not mature and become healthy blood cells.
myelomeningocele MMC
Baby is born with a gap in the bones of the spine; defect of the backbone (spine), spinal cord and spinal canal. Most serious form of spina bifida.
nephron-sparing surgery
treatment for renal cell carcinoma including transection of renal vessels and renorrhaphy.
odynophagia
pain when swallowing. May be described as an ache, burning, or stabbing pain. Often leads to inadvertent weight loss.
onychomycosis
fungal nail infection; encompasses dermatophytes and yeasts and saprophytic mold infections
paronychia
infection of the skin around a fingernail or toenail. Often can be home remedied.
pneumonectomy
surgical procedure to remove one lung. Often performed to remove lung masses and growths like non-small cell lung cancer.
pneumothorax
collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity; air between the parietal and visceral pleura. Causes lung to collapse.
polysomnogram PSG
procedure that utilized electroencephalogram, electro-oculogram, electromyogram, ECG, pulse oximetry, airflow, to evaluate underlying causes of sleep disturbance
postphlebitic (postthrombotic) syndrome
symptomatic chronic venous insufficiency after a DVT. Causes are disorders that result in hypertension, venous damage, or incompetence of valves after DVT.
prognathism
jaw protrudes or juts out. Congenital.