Lecture 29 Flashcards
mesolimbic dopamine pathway
prefrontal cortex前额皮质
midbrain中脑
locus ceruleus in reticular activating system网状激活系统
limbic system的器官
olfactory bulb
hippocampus海马体, memory
amygdala杏仁核
altered state of consciousness
schizophrenia
depression treat by increase level of serotonin and nor epinepherine
bipolar disorder, treat by lithium
learning and memory
declarative (put into words) & procedural (skilled behavior)
short term & long term
language的器官
Broca’s area布罗卡区, production of language
Wernicke’s area韦尼克区, understanding of language
muscle
extension
extensor muscle/ agonist contract
flexor muscle/ antagonist relax
flexion
extensor muscle/ agonist relax
flexor muscle/ antagonist contract
maintain limb position by balance
motor neuron
alpha
innervate skeletal/ extrafusal muscle
gamma
innervate muscle spindle/ intrafusal
cell body
ventral horn of spinal cord
afferent & efferent pathway
sensory afferent, dorsal root ganglion
1)dorsal column
2)sensory afferent branch out interneuron
3)descending motor pathway inntervate interneuron
4)innervate motor neuron in ventral horn
ventral root
motor efferent
interneuron function
voluntary movement
coordinate complex movement
muscle length monitor
tension monitor
pain
proprioceptive FB
spinal reflex types
withdrawal reflex
stretch reflex
inverse stretch reflex
withdrawal reflex
activate notireceptor b/c damage tissue
dorsal root
1)second motor neuron, cross midline, up anterolateral column
2)interneuron excitatory synaptic condition, dorsal horn
inhibit ipsilateral extensor, excite ipsilateral flexor
cross extensor reflex
excite contralateral extensor, inhibit contralateral flexor
balance the weight
irradiation
increase in rate and magnitude of withdrawal response with increased stimulus strength
after discharge
response maintained after stimulus termination
