Chapter 16: Treatment (7A) Flashcards

1
Q

What is treatment or therapy?

A

It is systematic procedures designed to change abnormal behaviour into more normal behaviour

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2
Q

What are the three essential features of all therapies?

A
  1. A sufferer who seeks help
  2. A trained, socially accepted healer, who’s expertise is accepted by the sufferer and his social group
  3. A series of contacts between the healer and the sufferer with the goal of changing attunes, emotional states, or behaviours.
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3
Q

What is psychotherapy?

A

A treatment in which a client and therapist use words and acts to over come psychological difficulties

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4
Q

What is biological therapy?

A

The use of physical and chemical procedures to help people overcome psychological difficulties

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5
Q

Who seeks therapy?

A
  • Women used to outnumber men in therapy by four to one
  • Men are more willing to enter therapy than before
  • Members of ethnic minority groups tends to seek treatment for their psychological problems less often than members of the majority culture
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6
Q

Stigma

A
  • There has been a significant reduction in the stigma associated with metal illness
  • Perceptions of stigma play a role in people’s decisions about what’re to acknowledge their mental issues and to seek treatment
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7
Q

Where is treatment conducted?

A
  • Public instructions, schools, private offices
    Most people are treated as outpatients
  • Inpatients have serious psychological problems
  • The Canadien Metal Health Act outlines patient rights and conditions for involuntary admittance to hospitals
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8
Q

What are psychotropic drug?

A

they are drugs that act (primarily) on the brain

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9
Q

What are some psychotropic drugs?

A
  • Anti anxiety drugs
  • Antidepressenants
  • Mood-stabilizers
  • Antipsychotics
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10
Q

What is ketamine?

A

An anaesthetic drug that that is now being touted by some as the drug of choice for high risk patients suffering from treatment-resistant mood disorders such as bipolar or major depressive disorder

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11
Q

What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

It is the use of electric shock to trigger a brain seizure in hopes of relieving abnormal functioning
1. Reduces depression in 70% of patients
2. Causes short-term memory problems

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12
Q

What is vagus nerve stimulation?

A

An implanted pulse generator sends electrical signals to the left vagus nerve. That nerve then delivers electrical signals to the brain helping reduce depression in many people.

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13
Q

What is Transcranial magnetic stimulation?

A

It is a procedure used to treat depression. The electromagnetic coil is places on the patient’s head and sends current to the prefrontal cortex

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14
Q

What is Trephining?

A

Some historians believe that trephination was done to relapse evil spirits that were thoughts to be responsible for mental dysfunction

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15
Q

What is a lobotomy?

A

A surgical practice of cutting the connection between the frontal love and the lower centres of the brain

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16
Q

What is deep brain stimulation?

A

Implanted electrodes that deliver low does f electricity, used o treat depression Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy.

17
Q

What are the strengths of biological approaches?

A
  • Biological treatments often bring relief when other treatments have failed
  • Research offers promising options
18
Q

What are some criticisms to the Biological approaches?

A
  • Undesirable side effects
  • Does not consider interaction between biological and non-biological factors such as environments and experience
19
Q

What doe psychodynamic therapies do?

A

They focus on past emotional trauma

20
Q

What are some types of psychodynamic therapies?

A

Psychoanalysis
Short term psychodynamic therapy
Relational psychoanalytic therapy

21
Q

What is free association?

A

Discussion initiated by client with therapists probing to uncover relevant unconscious events

22
Q

What is resistance?

A

It is when client encounters a block in free associations or changes the subject to avoid pain

23
Q

What is Transference?

A

When the client shifts actions and feelings for figures from childhood to therapist

24
Q

What is Catharsis?

A

reliving of passed repressed feelings to resolve conflicts and overcome problems

25
Q

What is working through?

A

Repeatedly examining an issue to improve clarity

26
Q

What is short term psychodynamic therapy?

A

Clients focus on a single problem such as excessive dependence on other people. The therapist and client Center their discussions on this problems and work only on issues that relate to it.

27
Q

What is psychoanalytic therapy?

A

Therapists are key figures in the lives of clines, figures whose reactions and beliefs should be directly included in the therapy process. Therapists should also disclose things a bout themselves particularly their own reactions to patients. Therapists should try to establish more equal relationships with clients as opposed to the distant analytic relationships typical of standard psychoanalysis

28
Q

What are some strengths of psychodynamic approaches?

A
  • First practitioner to demonstrate the value of systematically applying both theory and techniques to treatment
  • First to suggest the potential of psychological instead of biological treatment
  • their ideas have served as a starting point for many other psychological treatments
29
Q

What are some criticisms of psychodynamic approaches?

A

The effectiveness is not supported by research

30
Q

Who conducts therapy?

A

-psychologists
-psychiatrists
-counsellors
-psychiatric social workers