Social Psychology (4C)

Question 1

What is group?

Answer 1

An organized, stable collection of individuals in which the members are aware of an influence one another and share common identity

Question 2

What is group dynamics?

Answer 2

How membership or participation in a group influences our thoughts and behaviours

Question 3

What is an additive task?

Answer 3

It is when members perform parallel task. Productivity increases with group size.
EX: shovelling snow on a large parking lot; the more people the more efficient

Question 4

What is a conjunctive task?

Answer 4

Group is only as productive as its weakest members
EX: hiking up a mountain with a group

Question 5

What is a disjunctive task?

Answer 5

When a single solution is required, the most competent group member is likely to provide a solution

Question 6

What is a divisible task?

Answer 6

When simultaneous performance of several tasks is needed, a larger group with a leader to coordinate tasks is optimal

Question 7

What is social facilitation?

Answer 7

Improvement in performance because others are present . Operates for both psychical and mental tasks

Question 8

What is social loafing?

Answer 8

Phenomena in which people extert less effort on a collective task than they would on a comparable individual task.
- It is also known as free riding
- It occurs large groups
- It occurs less in highly cohesive groups
- Displayed i we stern cultures more than eastern cultures
- Seen more in men then women

Question 9

What is group polarization?

Answer 9

Initial attitudes become more intense and extreme with group interaction
EX: liking JB more after raving about him in a group

Question 10

What is groupthink?

Answer 10

Faulty group decision making as a result of trying to hard to agree

Question 11

What is altruism?

Answer 11

Self-sacrificing behaviour carried out for the benefit of others

Question 12

what is egoistic helping behaviour?

Answer 12

Motivated by a desire to reduce one’s own personal distress or receive rewards

Question 13

What is the bystander effect (Apathy)

Answer 13

The more people present, the less likely any one person will attempt to help

Question 14

what is diffusion of responsibility?

Answer 14

we are less likely to assist in a lager group because reasonability to help is shared

Question 15

What is aggression?

Answer 15

Broad range of behaviour as intended to harm others.
- There is a genetic component
- Associated with high levels of testosterone and low levels of serotonin

Question 16

What is the frustration aggression hypothesis?

Answer 16

We become aggressive in response to frustration

Question 17

Women and aggression?

Answer 17

Women usually participate in relational aggression
EX: snubbing, gossiping, and excluding from groups

Question 18

Men and aggression?

Answer 18

Men usually participate in direct aggression
EX: verbal and physical abuse

Question 19

What are the three levels of attraction

Answer 19

Behavioural, cognitive, and affective

Question 20

What are the five key factors linked to liking

Answer 20

Liking is a fondness and affection for another person
1. Similarity
2. Proximity
3. self-disclosure
4. Situational factors
5. Physical attractiveness

Question 21

What is secure attachment?

Answer 21

Are comfortable with dependable and do not fear becoming too close or being abandoned; 53% of adults

Question 22

What is avoidant attachment in relationships?

Answer 22

Uncomfortable being close and having difficult trusting and deepening on others; 26% of adults

Question 23

What is anxious-ambivalent attachment in relationships?

Answer 23

Insecure and worry that their partners do not really love them and will leave 20%

Question 24

What does the orbitofrontal cortex do?

Answer 24

Responsible for social reasoning, reward evaluation, reading other people, eliciting emotional sates

Question 25

what is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex?

Answer 25

It processes rewards and punishments, interpreting non-verbal social information, making social and moral assessments and decisions, feeling empathy

Question 26

What is the insula responsible for?

Answer 26

Empathy and reading of others

Question 27

What is the amygdala?

Answer 27

identity emotional facial expression of other people
It pays attentions so stimuli that may be unpredictable, potentially rewarding or potentially punishing