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APEX > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Understanding speech

A

wernicke’s area

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2
Q

Motor control of speech

A

Broca’s area

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3
Q

Cognition, movement, and sensation

A

Cerebral cortex

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4
Q

Memory & learning

A

Hippocampus

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5
Q

Emotion, appetite, responds to pain and stressors

A

Amygdala

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6
Q

Fine control of movement

A

Basal ganglia

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7
Q

Primary neurohumoral organ

A

Hypothalamus

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8
Q

Acts as a relay station that directs info to various cortical structures

A

Thalamus

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9
Q

Archicerebellum

A

Maintains equilibrium

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10
Q

Paleocerebellum

A

Regulates muscle tone

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11
Q

Neocerebellum

A

Coordinates voluntary muscle movement

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12
Q

Which cranial nerve is most likely to be compressed by a pituitary tumor?

A

Optic

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

Where in the brain is the BBB NOT present?

A

CTZ
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Posterior pituitary
Choroid plexus

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15
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

Choroid plexus (in all 4 ventricles)

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16
Q
A

B

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17
Q

CMRO2 = ____ mL/O2/100g brain tissue/min

A

3.0-3.8

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18
Q

CMRO2 decreases by __% for every __ degree C decrease in temp. EEG suppression occurs at ___ degrees

A

7
1
18-20

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19
Q

CMRO2 is decreased by:

A

Hypothermia
Halogenated anesthetics
Propofol
Etomidate
Barbiturates

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20
Q

CMRO2 is increased by:

A

Hyperthermia
Seizures
Ketamine
Nitrous oxide

21
Q
A
22
Q

Respiratory acidosis increases/decreases CBF

A

Increases

23
Q

Respiratory alkalosis increases/decreases CBF

A

Decreases

24
Q

Why does metabolic acidosis not affect CBF?

A

The H+ in the blood does not cross the BBB

25
Q

What are the 5 determinants of CBF?

A

CMRO2
CPP
PaCO2
PaO2
Venous pressure

26
Q

A fixed and dilated pupil suggests herniation of the?

A

Temporal uncus

27
Q

Which cranial nerve is most likely affected by herniation?

A

CN 3 occulomotor

28
Q

ICP measurement is indicated with what Glasgow coma score?

A

< or = 7

29
Q

7 signs of increased ICP

A

Headache
N/V
Papilledema
Neuro deficit
Pupil dilation & non-reactivity to light
Altered LOC
Seizure

30
Q

What is the Monroe Kellie doctrine

A

Pressure-volume equilibrium b/w brain, blood, & CSF within confines of the cranium. If one rises w.o a compensation by another, there is increased ICP

31
Q

Why do we avoid glucose containing solutions in cerebral cases?

A

Int he setting of cerebral ischemia, excess glucose in the brain is converted to lactic acid, thereby worsening outcomes

32
Q

_____ & _____ reduce CSF production

A

Acetazolamide & furosemide

33
Q

How many hours after symptoms of a stroke do you have to give TPA?

A

4.5 hrs

34
Q

_____ bleeding usually occurs in the subarachnoid space (b/w arachnoid and pia)

A

Arterial

35
Q

_____ bleeding usually occurs in the subdural space (b/w dura and arachnoid)

A

Venous

36
Q
A
37
Q
A
38
Q

Name the cranial nerves

A

I- Olfactor
II- Optic
III- Occulomotor
IV- Trochlear
V- Trigeminal
VI- Abducens
VII- Facial
VIII- Vestibulocochlear
IX- Glossopharyngeal
X- Vagus
XI- Accessory
XII- Hypoglossal

39
Q

What is the mneumonic for identifying which nerves are sensory or motor?

A

“Some
Say
Marry
Money
But
My
Brother
Says (it’s)
Bad
Business (to)
Marry
Money”

40
Q

Parasympathetic output is carried out by which CNs?

A

3, 7, 9, 10

41
Q

What nerve is responsible for 75% of all parasympathetic output?

A

Vagus

42
Q
A
43
Q

Identify the landmarks and what they control

A
44
Q
A
45
Q
A
46
Q

What is the treatment for hypo/hyperkalemic paralysis?

A

Acetazolamide

47
Q

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is a/w a ____ channelopathy

A

Ca

48
Q

Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis is a/w a ___ channelopathy

A

Na

APEX (29 decks)

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