module 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

aggression

A
  • physical or verbal behaviour that hurts someone, MUST be intentional
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2
Q

two types of aggression

A

hostile: hurting someone else bc we are angry
instrumental: hurting someone else to achieve some other purpose

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3
Q

challenges in studying aggression

A
  • reverse causality
  • third variables (spurious correlations)
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4
Q

how to study aggression

A
  • self-report
  • scenario completion
  • shocks administered
  • noise administered
  • hot sauce administered
  • demanding yoga poses
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5
Q

is aggression caused by nature or nurture

A
  • both
  • nature: evolutionary account, testosterone, serotonin
  • nurture: social learning theory, parental mistreatment
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6
Q

t or f: women have been proved to be more aggressive than men

A
  • false
  • due to: evolutionary and sociocultural perspectives
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7
Q

frustration-aggression theory

A
  • single best determinate of aggression is frustration
  • more likely to react aggressively when: smth we rlly wanted, goal is blocked, frequently being blocked, close to achieving goal
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8
Q

what revised hypothesis was put forward after critiques of the frustration-aggression theory

A

neo-associationistic account of aggression

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9
Q

neo-associationistic account of aggression

A
  • aversive event: pain, heat, frustration
  • anger: thoughts of attack, evaluated arousal, perceived injustice
  • aggression: physical, emotional
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10
Q

relative deprivation theory

A
  • if ppl believe that they or their social group have less than they deserve, they act aggressively
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11
Q

situational causes of aggression

A
  • social rejection/exclusion
  • heat
  • weapons effect (Berkowitz, presence of weapons acts as a cue that causes violence)
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12
Q

how does media violence affect behaviour

A
  • catharsis effect (disproved)
  • selection effects
  • experimental evidence
  • numbing effect of media violence
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13
Q

how can you reduce aggression

A
  • defusing ager through apology
  • modelling nonaggressive behaviour
  • building empathy
  • communication and problem solving
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