module 9 Flashcards
1
Q
aggression
A
- physical or verbal behaviour that hurts someone, MUST be intentional
2
Q
two types of aggression
A
hostile: hurting someone else bc we are angry
instrumental: hurting someone else to achieve some other purpose
3
Q
challenges in studying aggression
A
- reverse causality
- third variables (spurious correlations)
4
Q
how to study aggression
A
- self-report
- scenario completion
- shocks administered
- noise administered
- hot sauce administered
- demanding yoga poses
5
Q
is aggression caused by nature or nurture
A
- both
- nature: evolutionary account, testosterone, serotonin
- nurture: social learning theory, parental mistreatment
6
Q
t or f: women have been proved to be more aggressive than men
A
- false
- due to: evolutionary and sociocultural perspectives
7
Q
frustration-aggression theory
A
- single best determinate of aggression is frustration
- more likely to react aggressively when: smth we rlly wanted, goal is blocked, frequently being blocked, close to achieving goal
8
Q
what revised hypothesis was put forward after critiques of the frustration-aggression theory
A
neo-associationistic account of aggression
9
Q
neo-associationistic account of aggression
A
- aversive event: pain, heat, frustration
- anger: thoughts of attack, evaluated arousal, perceived injustice
- aggression: physical, emotional
10
Q
relative deprivation theory
A
- if ppl believe that they or their social group have less than they deserve, they act aggressively
11
Q
situational causes of aggression
A
- social rejection/exclusion
- heat
- weapons effect (Berkowitz, presence of weapons acts as a cue that causes violence)
12
Q
how does media violence affect behaviour
A
- catharsis effect (disproved)
- selection effects
- experimental evidence
- numbing effect of media violence
13
Q
how can you reduce aggression
A
- defusing ager through apology
- modelling nonaggressive behaviour
- building empathy
- communication and problem solving
