module 7 Flashcards
1
Q
examples of effects groups have on performance
A
- social loafing
- social facilitation
- deindividualization
2
Q
social facilitation (Norman Triplett)
A
- behaviour changing due to the presence of others
performance is enhanced by presence of a group
3
Q
social facilitation (Zajonc)
A
- presence of others increases arousal and the dominant response tendencies
- if tasks are easy/ppl are good at=presence of a group makes it better
- if task is hard/novel=presence of a group makes it worse
4
Q
what influences social facilitation
A
- mere presence of others
- evaluation apprehension
- distraction
5
Q
social loafing
A
- when ppl work together, there is an inverse relationship and the amount of work ppl do individually
- ppl work less hard if there are more ppl in a group
6
Q
why does social loafing occur
A
- diffusion of responsibility
- reduced evaluation apprehension (it doesn’t apply to you but to the group)
- norms change (dont want to be the one who does the most work for the group)
7
Q
t or f: women are more likely to fall susceptible to social loafing
A
false
8
Q
how to reduce social loafing
A
- make individual contributions identifiable
- high group cohesion
- make task meaningful
9
Q
deindividuation
A
- loss of a person’s sense of individuality and the reduction of normal constraints against deviant behaviour
- ppl lose their sense of self and do things they wouldn’t do
- mob mentality
10
Q
zimbardo’s model of deindividuation
A
- conditions: anonymity, diffusion of responsibility, arousal around others, stimulus overload, alcohol
- psychological state: decreased sense of self, decreased concerns abt evaluation, weaker inhibiting forces
- behavioural effects: impulsivity, irrationality, emotionality, antisocial activity
11
Q
group polarization
A
- process where initial tendencies in the thinking of group members get exaggerated through group discussion
- ideas get stronger in groups
12
Q
why does group polarization occur
A
- persuasive arguments from others
- social comparison
13
Q
group think
A
- group decision making style
- the excessive tendency among group members to seek concurrence
- groups can make bad decisions if they feel pressured to make a decision
14
Q
why does group think occur
A
- high cohesiveness
- isolation from outsiders
- lack of procedures for info search/appraisal (no fact checking)
- directive leadership
- stressful situation (leader favouring one solution)
15
Q
Symptoms of groupthink
A
- illusions of invulnerability
- collective rationalization
-direct pressure on dissenters - self-censorship
- illusion of uniformity
