METABOLISM 1

Question 0

In metabolism there are _____ types of reactions. A_________ and C_________

Answer 0

Two
Anabolism
Catabolism

Question 1

What term is used to describe:

encompasses all chemical reactions by which the body obtains and spends all energy from macronutrients

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

_________describes the building part of metabolism

Answer 2

Anabolism

Question 3

____ describes the breaking part of metabolism

Answer 3

Catabolism

Question 4

_____ Is The synthesis of stage molecules from small molecules - eg;
Amino acids > proteins, glucose > glycogen

Answer 4

Anabolism

Question 5

_______is complex structures to simpler ones

Answer 5

Catabolism

Question 6

Proteins > amino acids, glycogen > glucose is an example of c__________

Answer 6

Catabolism

Question 7

Enzymes shifting high energy phosphate groups of ATP to other molecules is called p____________

Answer 7

Phosphorylation

Question 8

__________ molecules are activated/inactivated to cause effect within a cell (cellular function)

Answer 8

Phosphorylated

Question 9

The 3 main stages involved in processing energy containing nutrients in the body:

Answer 9

Digestion in gastrointestinal tract.
Anabolism or catabolism in tissue cells.
Catabolic work in mitochondria requires oxygen > carbon dioxide, water and large amounts of ATP.

Question 10

Oxidation-Reduction (Redox reactions) are the transfer of

Answer 10

Electrons from one compound to another

Question 11

Generally,_____ can occur by gaining oxygen or loss of hydrogen atoms

Answer 11

oxidation

Question 12

The enzyme D_______ is responsible for the removal of hydrogen atoms

Answer 12

Dehydrogenases

Question 13

The enzyme o______ is responsible for the transfer of oxygen

Answer 13

Oxidises

Question 14

Co-enzymes act as ______ acceptors

Answer 14

Hydrogen

Question 15

ATP synthesis involves two mechanisms:

1. Substrate-Level Phosphorylation (ADP + P = ATP) - can occur in cytosine (glycolysis) or in mitochondria (krebs cycle)
2. _______ phosphorylation

Answer 15

Oxidative

Question 16

Complete glucose catabolism requires three pathways:

GKE

Answer 16

Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 17

During cellular respiration, ATP is formed in the ______ and in the mitochondria

Answer 17

cytosol

Question 18

Cellulose enters cells by _____ transporter proteins by ______ diffusion

Answer 18

GLUT, facilitated

Question 19

Glycolysis (glycolytic pathway) is anaerobic or aerobic?

Answer 19

Anaerobic; occurs despite the presence or absence of oxygen

Question 20

Glycolysis is a 10 step pathway that occurs in the ______

Answer 20

Cytosol

Question 21

The final products of glycolysis include
- 2 pyruvic acid
- 2 NADH + H
and a net gain of____ ATP

Answer 21

2

Question 22

For glycolysis to happen again NADH must donate its accepted_______ atoms to become ______ again

Answer 22

hydrogen, NAD+

The donation of hydrogen occurs in mitochondria if oxygen is present

Question 23

_______ generates ATP faster than aerobic respiration but the ATP yield is far less

Answer 23

Glycolysis