Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SHS112 > DIGESTIVE > Flashcards

DIGESTIVE Flashcards

(88 cards)

Start Studying
0
Q

The mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small/large intestines are all examples of ___________ organs

A

Alimentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

The digestive system falls into two categories

  1. The ________ _______ (GI tract)
  2. The __________ organs (helpers)
A

Alimentary canal

accessory digestive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Teeth, tounge, gallbladder and glands: salivary gland, liver and pancreas are all examples of ___________ digestive organs

A

Accessory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The digestive tract lies in principal body cavities: thoracic, abdominal, pelvic (minor cavaties).
The abdominal cavity contains _________ organs and is bounded superiorly by the diaphragm

A

Digestive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

________ is serous membranes made if connective tissue and epithelial cells

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

__________ __________ is a membrane layer associated with walls of abdominal cavity

A

Parietal perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

__________ _________ is a membrane layer covering viscera (organs)

A

Visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Serous membranes secrete _______ _______

A

serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ingestion > p_________ > mechanical breakdown > digestion > absorption > d_________

A

propulsion

defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

p________ moves food through the GI tract
Swallowing (_________)
Peristalsis (____________) major force driving propulsion

A

Propulsion
Voluntary
Involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does segmentation occur

A

Small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Enzymes secreted into ________ catabolise good into their chemical building blocks

A

lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Digestion is ________

A

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_______ _______ _______ is chewing and segmentation

A

Mechanical break down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

S________ beings the chemical break down of food (catabolism) and it contains digestive enzymes

A

Saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bolus is

A

Mass if chewed food ready for swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

_____ deciduous teeth (primary teeth) and ______ permanent teeth

A

20

32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adults have ___ incisors, ___ canine, 2 pre molars and _____ molars (8x4=32)

A

2,1,3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The oesophagus pierced the diaphragm at the _______ ________

A

oesophageal hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The oesophagus joins the stomach at the _______ (top part of the stomach)

A

Cardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______ sphincter: sphincter between the oesophagus and stomach

A

Gastroesophageal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

D___________ (swallowing)

A

Delutition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Deglutition (swallowing) has two phases

  1. Buccal phase
  2. _________ phase
A

Pharyngeal-Oesophageal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The stage where the food goes from the oesophagus to the stomach is called what?

A

Peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
P_________ is alternating contractions of circular muscles that force bolus towards the stomach
Peristalsis
25
The ___________ sphincter opens immediately prior to bolus arriving at the stomach
gastroesophageal
26
In the stomach the bolus turns to what
Chyme
27
The oesophagus connects to the stomach at the c________
Cardia
28
The ______ bulges superolaterally to cardia
Fundus
29
The p________ sphincter is a valve controlling stomach emptying into duodenum
Pyloric
30
The role of the muscularis externa is to ______
Churning
31
The layers of the muscularis externa from superficial to deep are __________, circular and deep layers
Longitudinal
32
The _________ omentum attaches the liver curvature of stomach and becomes continuous with the v_______ peritoneum of the stomach (membrane covering the stomach)
Lesser | visceral
33
The __________ omentum hangs from the greater curvature if the stomach and covers the intestinal coils. It ascends to insert in transverse ___________ (part if the large intestine)
Greater | Transverse colon
34
The stomach is dotted with millions of ________ pits. These pits lead to gastric glands that produce gastric juice
Gastric
35
Mucous neck cells secrete what
acidic mucus
36
_________ cells secrete HCl in the stomach
Parietal
37
The major digestive organ is the ______
Small intestine
38
The small intestine converts chyme into a form ready for absorption across small _______ wall
intestinal
39
The small intestine starts at a convoluted tube from the _________ (pyloric sphincter) to the _______ (ileocecal valve)
stomach | Cecum
40
Duodenum >> j____________ >>> I________
Jejunum | Ileum
41
The _________ curves around the head of the pancreas
duodenum
42
The duodenum receives bile duct from liver + pancreatic duct from pancreas which becomes the major __________ _________
Duodenal papilla
43
The duodenum meets the jejunum at the ___________ flexture
Duodenojejunal
44
The jejunum runs from the _________ flexture to the _________
duodenojejunal | Ileum
45
The ileum connects to the large intestine at the ________ valve
ileocecal
46
_________ have the major job in absorption
Enterocytes
47
Peyers patches are clusters if ________ follicles
lymphoid
48
The mesentery is a double layer of what ?
Peritoneum
49
``` The liver has four lobes _____ lobe (largest), left love, _______ lobe and _______ lobe ```
Right Caudate (posterior lobe) Quadrate (inferior to left lobe)
50
The ______ ligament attaches to diaphragm and anterior abdominal. Wall
flaciform
51
The _______ ligament separates the right and left lobes Anteriorly
falciform
52
The ______ ligament extends inferiorly from the falciform ligament
Round
53
The lesser ________ anchors the liver to lesser curvature of the stomach
omentum
54
The function of the ______ is to. Filter and process nutrient rich blood deliveries
liver
55
The portal ______ is located at 6 corners of the lobule of the liver
triad
56
The branch from the _______ artery supplies oxygen rich arterial blood to the liver
heptic
57
The branch of ______ portal vein carriers nutrient rich venous blood from digestive organs
hepatic
58
________ process nutrients in the blood; for example store passing glucose as ________
Hepatocytes | glycogen
59
_________ is converting ammonia to urea
Detoxification
60
Blood exiting the ______ contain low oxygen, low nutrients and low waste
liver
61
B_______ is a by product of haeme
Bilirubin
62
The liver is covered in visceral ____________ except on the bare area
Peritoneum
63
The _______ ligament attaches to the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall and it separates the right and and left lobes
falciform
64
The ______ omentum anchors the liver to lesser curvature of the stomach.
Lesser
65
The function of the ______ is to filter and process nutrient rich blood deliveries
liver
66
Liver ______ are the functional units of the liver
Lobules
67
The portal triad is located at the 6 corners of lobule and is comprised of a branch of the hepatic artery, branch of the hepatic portal vein and ______ duct
Bile
68
There are two blood supplies to the liver. Blood percolates through s_______
sinusoids
69
The ________ vein is from the abdominal viscera (stomach, intestines etc), nutrient rich (absorbed from food) to liver
portal
70
The portal _______ from hepatic artery is oxygenated blood from the heart
arteriole
71
What do Hepatocytes do in blood
Process nutrients in blood - eg: store passing glucose as glycogen
72
Bile salts are recycled. They are first reabsorbed by the i________, returned to the liver by the ___________ and then re secreted in newly formed bile
ileum | Hepatic portal vein
73
B______ is the by-product of haeme from haemoglobin due to destruction of old red blood cells
Bilirubin
74
Hepatocytes produce b________ canaliculi and send to bile duct
Bile
75
Bile from the bile duct in portal triad drains to the right or left _______ ducts which Becomes the common hepatic duct
hepatic
76
The bile duct ________ opens to allow bile into the ________ via major duodenal papilla
sphincter | Duodenum
77
The cystic duct from _______ merges with common hepatic duct to form the bile duct
gallbladder
78
The gallbladder stores what?
Excess bile from the liver
79
The pancreas is a ________ digestive organ; gland connects to GI tract via duct
accessory
80
The pancreas produce secretions that exit via ________ ducts
dedicated
81
Pancreatic juice consists of water, enzymes, and ___________ ____
bicarbonate ions
82
The ________ produces secretions that exit the pancreas via blood stream to exert effect throughout the body
pancreas
83
Islets of _______ contain alpha and beta cells
langerhans
84
What to beta cells secrete?
Insulin
85
What do alpha cells secrete ?
Glucagon
86
Beta cells secreting insulin cause glucose ________ by cells which leads to a ________ in blood glucose levels
uptake | Decrease
87
Alpha cells secrete glucagon which ______ glycogen ... This leads to an _________ in blood glucose levels
Induces | increase

SHS112 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions