Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SHS112 > ENDOCRINE > Flashcards

ENDOCRINE Flashcards

0
Q

The pituitary, adrenal, parathyroid and pineal glands are examples of _______ endocrine glands

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

System of ductless glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream and regulate bodily functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Other organs that contain endocrine tissue include the p_________, gonads, placenta and h________

A

Pancrease

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organs that ________ hormones are the adipose cells, thymus and cells in the wall of the small intestine, stomach, kidneys and heart

A

Secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The endocrine system influences activities in the body via ________ transported in the blood

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Exocrine glands are _____-_________ substances

They include sweat, salvia and also pancreatic enzymes

A

Non-hormonal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endocrine glands produce _________ and lack ducts - it secretes into the blood stream

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_________ travel in blood or lymph (endocrine system)

A

Hormones

Think: endo-homo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

__________ are chemicals that exert effects on the same cells that secrete them

A

Autocrines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

P__________ are locally acting chemicals that affect cells other than those that secrete them

A

Paracrines- they are NOT considered part of the endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

There are two main classes of hormones:

  1. A_______- amino acid based hormones
  2. S_________
A

Amines

Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

_______ cells are tissues with receptors for a specific hormone

A

Target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hormones act as receptors in one of two ways; depending on their chemical nature and receptor location.
_______________ hormones cannot enter the cell, act on plasma membrane receptors etc

A

Water soluble hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_____ soluble hormones can enter the cell (steroid and thyroid hormones ) and can directly active genes

A

Lipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The _______ division (fight or flight) mobilizes the body during activity - during excercise or when threatened

A

sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. Hormone (1st messenger) binds receptors target cell

What happens next in the relay race?

A
  1. Receptors activates G protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Once the receptors activates the G protein, the G protein activates what (step 3)

A

Adenylate Cyclase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adenylate Cyclase converts ATP to ______ (2nd messenger)

A

cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Glucose leaves the liver via the ________ vein

A

Hepatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In the body glucose is mainly stored in the _______ cell - a h___________

A

Liver

Hepatocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

________ & ________ hormones diffuse target cells and bind with intracellular receptors

A

Steroid and thyroid

21
Q

Target cell activation depends on

  1. Blood level hormones
  2. Relative number of _______ on or in target cell
  3. Affinity of binding between receptors and hormone
A

receptors

22
Q

Endocrine gland stimulated to synthesise and release hormones in response to; h_______ stimuli, n_______ stimuli and h_______ stimuli

A

Humoral
Neural
Hormonal

23
Q

H__________ stimuli is the changing blood levels of ions and nutrients directly stimulate the secretion of hormones

A

Humoral

24
Q

_______ stimuli = nerve fibres stimulate hormone release

A

Neural

25
Q

_________ stimuli = other organs stimulate other endocrine organs to release their hormones

A

Hormonal

26
Q

A ________ hormone is a hormone that causes the release of another hormone

A

Tropic

27
Q

The ___________ is the link between the nervous and endocrine system

A

Hypothalamus

28
Q

The _____gland receives input from the hypothalamus

A

pituitary

29
Q

Hormones are removed from the blood via- degrading _______, kidneys and the ________

A

Degrading enzymes

Liver

30
Q

The pituitary gland has two major lobes

The _________ pituitary (neural tissue) and the ________ pituitary (glandular tissue)

A

Posterior

Anterior

31
Q

The __________ carries releasing and inhibiting hormones to the anterior pituitary

A

hypothalamus

32
Q

________ pituitary hormones are stored in axon terminals

A

Posterior

33
Q

Action potential from the _________ trigger the release of hormones into the blood stream

A

Hypothalamus

34
Q

The adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin) stimulates the adrenal cortex to release c___________

A

corticosteroids

35
Q

_______ regulate carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism

A

corticosteroids

36
Q

_________] regulate electrolyte and water levels, mainly by promoting sodium retention in the kidney

A

Mineralcorticoids

37
Q

What gland inhibits rising blood levels of thyroid hormones that act on pituitary and hypothalamus

A

The thyroid

38
Q

The thyroid gland has two lateral lobes connected by median mass called _______

A

Isthmus

39
Q

The thyroid hormone Is a major _______ hormone

A

Metabolic

40
Q

The ______ organ has both endocrine and exocrine cells

A

Pancrease

41
Q

_______ cells produce glucagon (hyperglycaemic hormone)

A

Alpha

42
Q

Beta cells produce _______ (hypoglycaemic hormone)

A

Insulin

43
Q

The major target of glucagon is the ______]

A

Liver

44
Q

Glucagon released by alpha cells ________ blood glucose levels

A

increases

45
Q

_________ is the the break down if glycogen to glucose

A

Glycogenolysis

46
Q

G_________ is the synthesis of glucose from lactic acid and non-carbohydrates

A

Glycogenesis

47
Q

Insulin ________ blood glucose levels

A

Lowers

48
Q

Diabetics Mellitus (DM) is. Homeostatic imbalance of _______

A

insulin

49
Q

Three signs of diabetes Mellitus

________ (huge urine output), _______ (excessive thirst), polyphagia (excessive hunger and food consumption)

A

Polyuria

Polydipsia

SHS112 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions