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SHS112 > DIGESTIVE 2 > Flashcards

DIGESTIVE 2 Flashcards

0
Q

The large intestine absorbs _____ from remaining indigestible food residues - turns fluid chyme into more solid faeces

A

water

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1
Q

The _________ _______ frames the small intestine and extends from the ileocecal valve to the anus

A

large intestine

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2
Q

The ______ is the first part of the large intestine

A

Cecum

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3
Q

The ascending colon makes a right angle turn near the liver called the _________ ________ ________

A

Right hepatic flexure

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4
Q

The transverse colon makes a sharp turn inferiorly- anterior to the spleen called the _______ _______ flexture

A

Left splenic

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5
Q

This sigmoid colon joins the rectum in the ________

A

Pelvis

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6
Q

The ________ is the last part of the large intestine

A

anal canal

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7
Q

Is the internal anal sphincter involuntary smooth muscle or voluntary smooth muscle

A

Involuntary

Think: internal= involuntary

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8
Q

Abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava, kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, ascending colon, descending colon, distal duodenum and pancreas (head & body) are all examples of ___________ organs

A

Retro-peritoneal

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9
Q

The cecum, appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, proximal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, spleen, pancreas are all examples of _________ organs

A

intraperiotneal

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10
Q

What is the blood supply to the digestive system

A

Oxygenated blood from the heart via the abdominal aorta

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11
Q

The common hepatic artery, splenic artery and left gastric artery are all branches of the _____ trunk ( a large branch of the abdominal aorta)

A

celiac

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12
Q

The ______ ______ artery supplies the stomach and inferior oesophagus with blood

A

Left gastric

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13
Q

The ______ artery passes deep to the stomach, branches to pan crease and terminates in spleen

A

splenic

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14
Q

The common hepatic artery supplies the _______ and the ________ and stomach via the right gastric artery from the common hepatic artery

A

Duodenum and pancreas

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15
Q

The hepatic artery proper serves the _______ with blood supply

A

Liver

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16
Q

The superior _______ artery supplies the cecum, appendix, seconding colon, part of the transverse colon

A

Messenteric

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17
Q

The ________ Messenteric artery supplies the distal part of huge large intestine

A

Inferior

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18
Q

The hepatic portal system transports blood from _______ organs to the liver

A

GI

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19
Q

What drains the small intestine

A

Superior mesenteric vein

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20
Q

What drains the distal large intestine and joins the splenic vein

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

21
Q

The ______ vein drains the spleen, parts of the stomachs and joins to the superior mesenteric vein

A

Splenic

22
Q

_______ ______ vein: nutrient rich blood from GI organs may contain a robed toxins and pathogens - blood is sent to the liver for treatment prior to delivery to the. Rest of their body

A

Hepatic portal

23
Q

________ process nutrients and toxins whilst ________ phagocytose bacteria

A

Hepatocytes

Macrophages

24
Q

Pepsinogen comes from the _____ cells

A

chief

25
Q

HCl is realeased from the _____ cells

A

parietal

26
Q

Pepsin beings the digestion of what?

A

Proteins

27
Q

Mechanical break down and propulsion Is the churning as ________ waves mix food with gastric juice and propel it into the ________

A

peristaltic

Duodenum

28
Q

Gastric acid secretion under neural and hormonal control:

Neural: v______ stimulates gland secretion, s_________ nerves reduce secretion

A

Vagus

Sympathetic

29
Q

Hormonal gastric acid secretin under hormonal control:

G________ released from stomach mucosa in the presence if food stimulates HCl secretion

A

Gastrin

30
Q

The three phases of gastric acid secretion stimulated by the head, stomach and small intestine is the c________, g_______ and i_________ phases

A

celephalic
gastric
Intestinal

31
Q

Cephalic phase: s________ neural input : triggered by aroma, taste, sight and the thought of food

A

sensory

32
Q

G_______ phase - lasts 3-4hrs: 2/3 gastric juice is released. Stimulated by distension, peptides, low acidity, g_______

A

Gastric

Gastrin

33
Q

The ________ phase is a stimulatory component when partially digested food enters the small intestine

A

intestinal

34
Q

The e___________ reflex protects duodenum from stomach acid

A

Enterogastric

35
Q

The enterogastric reflex closes the pyloric ________

A

sphincter

36
Q

Stomach contractions convert bolus to ______

A

Chyme

37
Q

P_______ is peristaltic waves moving from the fundus towards the pyloric

A

Propulsion

38
Q

G_______ is the most vigorous personals is and mixing action occur close to the pylorus

A

Grinding

39
Q

R__________: the pyloric end of the stomach acts as a pump that delivers small amounts of chyme into the duodenum

A

Retropulsion

40
Q

More stretch = _______ gastrin, ______ gastric acid and more powerful contractions

A

More

More

41
Q

True or false:

The pancreas is not directly involved in digestion

A

True

42
Q

Most digestion and absorption occurs in the ____________, substances required for this are imported from the _______ and the _______

A

Small intestine
Liver
Pancreas

43
Q

Bile salts returning from intestine to the liver (via the _________ vein) stimulates more bile secretion

A

Hepatic portal vein

A POSITIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM

44
Q

If no digestion is occurring, bile is not released into the duodenum via the m_______, but backs up the bile duct into cystic duct then ________ for storage

A

Major duodenal papilla

gall bladder

45
Q

CCK from the intestine stimulates ________ contraction = _______ release

A

Gallbladder

bile

46
Q

______ is released when acidic, fatty, protein rich chyme enters the duodenum

A

CCK

Cholecystokinin

47
Q

Mucosa _______ digested food compounds

A

Absorbs

48
Q

________ (smooth muscle washing machine) moves chyme towards ileocecal valve

A

Segmentation

49
Q

T_____ from pancreas split proteins

A

Typsin

50
Q

The ______ major absorptive role is to recycle bile salts to the liver

A

ileums

SHS112 (16 decks)

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