Chapter 15

Question 1

When did the rump struggle to maintain authority?

Answer 1

After 1649 & during interregnum

Question 2

When was the Dutch war?
What was it a source of division between?

Answer 2

1652-54
Army & rump

Question 3

What group of Dutch did the army see an ally?
Why?

Answer 3

Protestant, merchant-class Dutch republic
Was a haven for religious radicle during Laudian persecution

Question 4

What was the navigation act?

Answer 4

1651
Only English ships can bring goods to England & its colonies

Question 5

What caused the Dutch war?

Answer 5

May 1652
Clashes at sea push war

Question 6

Why was there army resentment over the Dutch war?

Answer 6

Money spent on navy instead
Didn’t like sighting another Protestant republic

Question 7

Why did the rump make limited reforms?
Who did this anger?

Answer 7

Conservative
Hadn’t wanted to remove monarch
Limit rev
15% revs

Army

Question 8

Why was the rump conservative & only passed limited reforms?

Answer 8

Conservatism of individual MPs
Necessary conservative approach to economy due to crisis
Eat regime was priority over reform due to security threats (Scot, ire)
Feared radical religious groups
Dutch war = focus

Question 9

Why did the rump fail?

Answer 9

P & NMA relationship fragile
PN conservative demand return to monarchy
Vs
Radical min wanting further reform

Question 10

What was The Hale commission?

Answer 10

1652
Radical recommendations for further reform
Put into action

Question 11

What did the Blasphemy act indicate?

Answer 11

Rump too religiously conservative

Question 12

What reforms was the rump able to make?
Despite this, what did they lack?

Answer 12

End compulsory attendance of Presbyterian church
Legal proceedings in English not Latin

Const reform

Question 13

Why was the army not able to really pressure the rump?

Answer 13

Distracted by Ireland & Scots

Question 14

What individual acted as moderator between the army & rump 1652-53?
Why?
What did he achieve?

Answer 14

Cromwell
Concerned about rump lack of progress
Secured rump dissolution date: Nov 1653

Question 15

Why did Cromwell want to dissolve the rump?

Answer 15

Vision of godly nation
Rump cut army budget
Preventing ungodly returning to power
P control of army commands

Question 16

Why was the rump forcibly dissolved?
By who?
When?

Answer 16

Rump set up means to maintain their power after Cromwell set the date for its dissolution
Cromwell & Harrison
April 1653

Question 17

What did Cromwell suggest to replace the rump?

Answer 17

Didn’t become a military dictator by taking power
Suggested a new p: National Assembly

Question 18

What is another name for the National Assembly?
When was it in session?

Answer 18

Parliament of saints
July - Dec 1653

Question 19

What was Cromwell’s hope for the NA p?
What did this show?

Answer 19

For the godly to be represented
Cromwell’s millenarianism

Question 20

Where did the ‘saints’ part of the NA come from?

Answer 20

5th monarchists wanted regime run by ‘saints’
Cromwell & 5th monarchists = millenarians

Question 21

Where did the 5th monarchists have support?
What did they become?

Answer 21

Army
Pressure group as saw rump preventing godly reformation

Question 22

How many 5th monarchists were there?

Answer 22

Only 12

Question 23

What were the positives of the NA?

Answer 23

Reform proposals:
Law in debt
Increased humane treatment of insane
Tougher measures against thieves & highwaymen

Reforms not too radical to frighten moderates but some in assembly wanted more

Question 24

What were the negatives of the NA that led to its undoing?

Answer 24

Radicals suggested cut to army pay
Alienated moderates in & out of NA (Cromwell)

Question 25

What was Lamberts military coup?
When?

Answer 25

Dec 1653
Moderates from NA meet to vote Cromwell back to power
Out vote radicals
Scot NMA officials support

Question 26

What did lambert military coup achieve?

Answer 26

Cromwell = Lord protector under written constitution ‘instrument of gov’ by lambert