Post-partum period Flashcards
How long does it generally take for uterine involution
3-6 weeks
what is locia and when is it normal
red brwon- white discharge , lack odour
normal for -23 days
define retained fetal membranes
The non-expulsion of foetal membranes beyond 24 hours post calving
normal placental expulsion= withing 6 hours of calving
List risk factors for retained fetal membranes
induced parturition
shortened gestation
infectious disease
C-section
dystocia
foetotomy
twinning
nutritional deficiency
abortion
immuno-suppression
flunixin meglumine
Describe how to treat retained fetal mambranes
manual removal - 5-7 days after - shouldn’t require much pressure
systemic antibiotics - if systemically unwell
benign neglect- leave will come away on own
Impact of retained fetal membranes on production
production losses
reproductive losses
increase culling risk
increased likelihood to develop secondary health problems
when is it considered retain fetal membranes in sheep
if there >18 hours
List 5 risk factors for retained fetal membranes in sheep
c-section or dystocia
selenium or vit A deficiency
infectious abortion
obesity of dam
hypocalcaemia
What is puerperal metritis
usually occurs <10 days post-partum
fever >39. 5
systemic signs of illness
fetid watery red-brown discharge
what is clincal metritis
not systemically ill
purulent uterine discharge
within 21 days post-partum
List 3 risk factors of metritis in sheep
dead fetuses
Assisted delivery of multiple lambs without proper hygiene
Uterine prolapse
List 7 risk factors of metritis in cattle
abnormal stage 1 or 2 or labour
Uterine inertia
Premature calving and abortion
Induced calving
Twins
RFM
Dairy > beef
Describe what is seen with grade 1 metritis
Abnormally enlarged uterus
purulent uterine discharge
without any systemic signs of ill health
describe a grade 2 metritis
Abnormally enlarged uterus
purulent uterine discharge
with additional signs of systemic illness such as decreased milk yield, dullness, and fever
Describe a grade 3 metritis
Sometimes called puerperal metritis, or toxic metritis
abnormally enlarged uterus
purulent uterine discharge, with signs of toxaemia such as inappetence, cold extremities, depression, and/or collapse.