Week 2 - Homework Quiz 2 Flashcards
What common cause of illness or disease produces endotoxins or exotoxins as part of the process leading to illness?
a. Bacteria.
b. Viruses.
a. Bacteria.
As part of the inflammatory process more blood is rushed to the site of injury. Which cardinal sign(s) are associated with this process?
a. Redness and pain.
b. Swelling and pain.
c. Pain and healing.
d. Heat and swelling.
e. Redness and heat
e. Redness and heat
Inflammation has many chemicals that modulate this multi-step process. Identify the chemical associated with inducing pain sensation and facilitating chemotaxis.
a. Histamines.
b. Kinins.
c. Prostaglandins.
d. Lymphokines.
e. Complement proteins.
c. Prostaglandins.
Identify the cell type specifically associated with the branch of immunity known as humoral.
a. Antimicrobial proteins.
b. B cells.
c. Phagocytes.
d. NK cells.
e. T cells.
b. B cells.
What cell in the adaptive immune response is itself innate but assists the adaptive process by engulfing foreign antigens and then placing the antigenic markers on its surface to activate the correct lymphocytes to respond.
a. Naive helper T cell.
b. Naive cytotoxic T cell.
c. Naive helper B cell.
d. Dendritic cell.
e. Effector helper T cell.
d. Dendritic cell.
Identify the option that is NOT a cardinal sign of inflammation.
a. Pain.
b. Swelling.
c. Redness.
d. Heat.
e. Healing.
e. Healing.
What are the benefits of getting a booster shot for immune protection?
a. Antibodies produced will bind with greater affinity to the antigen.
b. All listed options are benefits of booster shots.
c. Antibody concentration peaks at a much higher level.
d. Sensitized memory cells respond within hours to begin mounting further protection.
e. Antibody concentrations will remain higher for longer (weeks or months).
b. All listed options are benefits of booster shots.
Identify the component of the immune system that is NOT a part of the innate defense system.
a. T cells.
b. Fever.
c. Phagocytes.
d. Skin.
e. Inflammation.
a. T cells.
What intracellular structure allows the macrophage (a common form of phagocyte) to breakdown phagocytized contents?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
b. Lysosomes.
c. Mitochondria.
d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
e. Golgi apparatus.
b. Lysosomes.
During lymphocyte maturation the cells achieve immunocompetence. In non-technical terms what does this mean?
a. Each B or T cell learns to fight each potential antigen humans could encounter.
b. B and T cells move out of the bone marrow and thymus and take up residence in the lymph nodes, spleen and lymphoid organs.
c. B and T cells that attach to our self-antigenic markers are destroyed.
c. B and T cells that attach to our self-antigenic markers are destroyed.
What cells created during an adaptive immune response effectively become a reserve army waiting until a second exposure to the pathogen occurs?
a. Dendritic cells.
b. Effector cells.
c. NK cells.
d. Phagocytes.
e. Memory cells.
e. Memory cells.
Regarding active vaccines, what does the term attenuated mean?
a. The pathogen is weakened but ‘alive’ in the injection.
b. Only the inactivated toxins from the pathogen are used.
c. The whole pathogen is ‘killed’ and used in the injection.
d. Only the antigenic markers from the pathogen are used.
a. The pathogen is weakened but ‘alive’ in the injection.
In humoral immunity, what noncellular innate component can assist in the identification of foreign antigens such as bacteria?
a. Phagocytes.
b. B cells.
c. Interferons.
d. Complement proteins.
d. Complement proteins.
Two proteins involved in innate immunity were discussed in lecture. Which one is signaled to be produced by a viral infected cell and stops that virus from infecting new cells?
a. Complement proteins.
b. Interferons.
b. Interferons.
Regarding the lymphatic system, edema in the legs could be caused by blockage of this lymphatic drainage route.
a. Subclavian veins.
b. Thoracic duct.
c. Spleen.
d. Right lymphatic duct.
e. Tonsils.
b. Thoracic duct.
