Week 5 - Worksheet 2

Question 1

Artificial filtering of the blood as a result of kidney damage or disease is referred to as _____.

Answer 1

Hemodialysis

Question 2

Kidney inflammation primarily involving the nephron is known as ______.

Answer 2

Glomerulonephritis

Question 3

The crystallization of substances such as calcium oxolate and calcium phosphate may result in the formation of kidney stones, also called ______.

Answer 3

Renal Calculi

Question 4

The micturition reflex is mediated by the ________ division of the autonomic system.

Answer 4

Parasympathetic division

Question 5

Microscopic masses of material that have hardened and assume the shape of the lumens of renal tubules are called_____.

Answer 5

Casts

Question 6

_________ is a condition that describes the presence of blood in the urine.

Answer 6

Hematuria

Question 7

The greater the concentration of solutes in the urine, the greater will be its ______.

Answer 7

Specific Gravity

Question 8

The pH of urine in individuals on high protein diets tend to be ___________ than normal.

Answer 8

More acidic

lower pH

Question 9

Any chemical substance that increases urine volume is classified as a _______.

Answer 9

Diuretics

Question 10

The substance secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus when renal blood pressure falls below normal is called ______.

Answer 10

Renin

from the macula densa cells in the DCT

Question 11

The electrolyte that directly affects obligatory reabsorption of water is ______

Answer 11

Sodium

Question 12

The presence of glucose in the urine is referred to as ______.

Answer 12

Glycosuria

Question 13

The highest amount of substance that can be reabsorbed by the kidneys is called the substance’s ________.

Answer 13

Tubular Maximum

Question 14

The ability of the kidneys to produce either hypertonic or hypotonic urine depends on the _________.

Answer 14

Countercurrent multiplier mechanism

Question 15

Toxic levels of urea in the blood resulting from severe kidney malfunction

Answer 15

Uremia

Question 16

Instrument used for examination of the urinary bladder

Answer 16

Cystoscope

Question 17

Narrowing of the lumen of a canal or hollow organ.

Answer 17

Constriction

Question 18

painful urination

Answer 18

Dysuria

Question 19

Excessive amounts of urine

Answer 19

polyuria

Question 20

Any disease of the kidney, but usually one that is degenerative

Answer 20

Nephrosis

Question 21

Scant urine

Answer 21

oliguria

Question 22

TRUE or FALSE:

In the normal adult, the glomerular filtration rate is about 500 ml/min.

Answer 22

False

It is 120 ml/min

Question 23

TRUE or FALSE:

The term “renal suppression” applies to a condition in which glomerular bloody hydrostatic pressure falls to about 50 mmHg.

Answer 23

True

GFR stops
Hpg = Hpc & OPg
nothing moving

Question 24

TRUE or FALSE:

Because the afferent arteriole si smaller in diameter than the efferent arteriole, it offers more resistance to the outflow of blood from te glomerulus.

Answer 24

FALSE

Afferent arteriole is larger in diameter than the efferent arteriole - which offers more resistance to the outflow of blood from the glomerulus.

Question 25

TRUE or FALSE:

The three steps involved in urine formation are filtration, reabsorption, secretion.

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

TRUE or FALSE:

Renal corpuscle is Bowman’s capsule together with its glomerulus.

Answer 26

TRUE

Question 27

The part of a nephron that passes the filtrate into the collecting duct is the proximal convoluted tubule.

Answer 27

FALSE

The distal convoluted tubule

Question 28

The triangular-shaped structures of the medulla of a kidney are called the calyces.

Answer 28

FALSE

Renal Pyramids

Question 29

TRUE or FALSE:

Inflammation of the kidney pelvis and its calyces is referred to as pyelitis.

Answer 29

TRUE