Chapter 5 Language Development, Language Diversity, & Immigrant Education Flashcards

Language Development and Diveristy, and Immigrant Education

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1
Q

To apply rules of syntax or grammar in situations where the rule does not apply for ex. “the bike is broked” is called what?

A

Overregularize

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2
Q

Syntax

A

Order of words in phrases or sentences

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3
Q

The appropriate use of language to communicate in social situations

A

Pragmatics

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4
Q

Examples of pragmatics

A

how to enter a conversation, tell a joke, interrupt, keep a conversation going, or adjusting the language for the listener

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5
Q

Someone who has an understanding of language and how it works has what?

A

Metalinguistic Awareness

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6
Q

Early knowledge and skills related to reading are called what?

A

Emergent Literacy

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7
Q

What are the two categories of skills that are important for later reading

A

Category 1: understand sounds and codes such as knowing letters have names, that sounds are associated with letters, and that words are made up of sounds
Category 2: Oral language abilities such as the size of expressive and receptive vocabulary, knowledge of syntax, and the ability to understand and tell stories

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8
Q

Being able to say the sentence from the print page depends on knowing the letters, sounds, and links between letters and sounds requires what skill?

A

Inside-Out Skill

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9
Q

Children’s understanding of information outside of the particular printed words they are trying to read requires what skill?

A

Outside-In Skill

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10
Q

What are the components of outside-in skills?

A

Language, narrative, conventions of print, and emergent reading

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11
Q

What are the components of inside-out skills?

A

Knowledge of graphemes, phonological awareness, syntactic awareness, phoneme-grapheme correspondence, emergent writing

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12
Q

What other factors does emergent literacy depend on?

A

short-term memory for sounds and sequences, the ability to recognize and name lists of letters, and interest

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13
Q

William grew up in a house where his parents spoke English and French. William is fluent in both languages and can read and write in both languages too. William would be considered what?

A

Bilingual

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14
Q

Speaking only one language

A

Monolingual

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15
Q

What is the period called where if learning doesn’t happen it never will?

A

Critical Period

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16
Q

The period where we are especially responsive to learning is called what?

A

Sensitive Period

17
Q

Heritage Language

A

The language spoken in the student’s home or by members of the family

18
Q

Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language

A

Balanced bilingualism

19
Q

Academic language is the entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university-level schools which includes what?

A

words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects

20
Q

Dialect

A

A language rule system used by a particular group

21
Q

Moving between two speech forms (for example: formal to informal communication)

A

Code Switching

22
Q

Genderlects

A

Different ways of talking for males and females

23
Q

Iris decided to leave her country of Columbia to move to the United States she is working toward becoming a permanent resident of the US. Iris is considered to be an?

A

Immigrant

24
Q

During the Vietnam War residents left the country to flee from the danger. When they left they became what?

A

Refugees

25
Q

The idea that immigrants are expected to assimilate to enter the culture and become like those who had arrived earlier is called what?

A

Melting Pot

26
Q

A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school

A

Cultrual Deficit model

27
Q

Rose grew up speaking Spanish and is now learning English. Rose is considered to be an _____________ student?

A

English Language Learner (ELL)

28
Q

What are the four general profiles of students who are ELLs in today’s classrooms?

A

Balanced bilinguals, Monolingual/literate students, Monolingual/preliterate students, Limited bilingual

29
Q

These students are literate in their native language but speak limited English

A

Monolingual/literate

30
Q

These students are not literate. They may not read or write in their native language or they may have very limited literacy skills

A

Monolingual/preliterate

31
Q

These students can converse well in both languages, but for some reason, they have trouble learning academically

A

Limited bilingual

32
Q

Students whose characteristics, educational experiences, and language fluencies are somewhere in between those of students born in the United States and students who are recent immigrants

A

Generation 1.5

33
Q

The knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life can become the basis of teaching

A

Funds of Knowledge

34
Q

LEP

A

Limited English Proficient is an unused term for ELLs

35
Q

English as a Second Language (ESL)

A

The classes devoted to teaching English to students who are English language learners

36
Q

An environment that teaches English rapidly by maximizing instruction

A

Structured English Immersion (SEI)

37
Q

Lucy inadequately speaks English and French and is not proficient in either language. Lucy is considered to be a _______________?

A

Semilingual

38
Q

Instruction that teaches content to ELL students by putting the words and concepts of the content into context to make the content more understandable

A

Sheltered Instruction

39
Q

What are the eight key elements of good sheltered instruction?

A

Preparation, building background, comprehensible input, strategies, interaction, practice and application, lesson delivery, and review and assessment