1.5 — 1 Autism Flashcards
(29 cards)
drowning remains the leading cause of death for children with autism and accounts for approximately __% of deaths associated with wandering or bolting by those age 14 and younger
90%
developmental regression, or loss of skills, such as language and social interests, affects around in 5 children who will go on to be diagnosed with autism and typically occurs between ages __ and __
1-3yo
about __-__% of autistic are nonverbal or mcnally verbal
25-30%
according to DSM-5 a child must have persistent deficits in each of 3 areas of social communication and interaction:
and 2 of the 4 types of restricted, repetitive behaviors:
- social-emotional reciprocity
- nonverbal communication
- developing, maintaining ad understanding relationships
- stereotyped or repetitive movements, i use of objects or speech
- insistence on sameness
- highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus
- hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment
What ages does the AAP recommend developmental and behavioral screening?
- 9 months
- 18 months
- 30 months
what ages does the AAP recommend screening for ASD?
- 18 months
- 24 months
Signs of ASD:
- not responding to name by __ months
- not point at objects to show interest by __ months
- not play pretend games by __ months
- avoid eye contact and want to be alone
12 months
14 months
18 months
Signs of ASD:
- have trouble understanding other peoples feeling or talking about their feelings
- have delayed speech and language skills
- repeat words or phrases over and over (echolalia)
- no big smiles or other warm, joyful expression by __ months
6 months
Signs of ASD:
- give unrelated answers to questions
- get upset by minor changes
- no back-and-forth sharing of sounds, smiles or other facial expressions by __ months
- no babbling by __ months
- 9 months
- 12 months
Signs of ASD:
- have obsessive interests
- flap their hands, rock their body, or spin in circles
- have unusual reactions to the way things sound, smell, taste, look or feel
- no words by __ months
- 16 months
Signs of ASD:
- no back-and-forth gestures such as pointing, showing reaching or waving by __ months
- no meaningful, two-word phrases (not including imitating or repeating) by __ months
- any loss of speech, babbling or social skills at any age
- 12 months
- 24 months
What are signs of FAS that may mimic ASD?
- speech and language delays
- sleep problems
- learning disabilities
- hyperactivity
- poor impulse control
- vision problems
Single gene disorders appear to affect __-__% of those with ASD. Examples?
15-20%
- Fragile X syndrome
- Angelman syndrome
- tuberous sclerosis
- chormosome 15 duplication syndrome
autism is almost _ times more common in boys (1 in __) than among girls (1 in __)
3x
1 in 28
1 in 80
T/F? girls may somehow be resistant to mutations that contribute to autism and need a bigger genetic hit to have the condition
True
T/F? gender dysphoria, gender identity disorder and gender variance may be more common in individuals with ASD?
True
It is estimated that less than __% of people with ASD live independently
20%
researches have tallied about ___# of genes they consider strongly linked to autism, and up to __# of exome sequencing loci (locations) contributing to ASD risk which is probably an underestimate
100 genes
234 loci
what are other overlapping psychiatric/neurodevelopmental disorders that can occur with ASD?
- learning disability
- ADHD
- motor coordination problems
- tic disorders and epilepsy
- OCD
- bipolar
- schizophrenia
- major depression
- anorexia nervous
- tourette syndrome
what are some risk factors for ASD stemming from gestational period?
- first-born children
- maternal gestational diabetes, maternal bleeding during pregnancy and maternal medication
- intrauterine infection
- gestational viral infections
- antidepressants especially during first trimester
T/F? mitochondrial dysfunction can connect the diverse medical symptoms associated with ASD?
True
what is the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM)?
broad developmental approach based on the principles of plied Behavior Analysis. It is used with children 12-48 months of age. Parents and therapists use play, social exchanges and shared attention in natural settings to improve language, social and learning skills
What is Discrete Trial Training?
an Applied Behavioral Analysis teaching style that uses step-by step instructions to teach a desired behavior or response. Lessons are broken down into their simplest parts, and desired answers and behaviors are rewarded while undesired answers are ignored
