1.3 Biological Molecules: Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an amino acid?

A

Amine and carboxyl group around a central carbon
Each amino acid has a different R group

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2
Q

How many different amino acids are there?

A

20

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3
Q

What forms a dipeptide?

A

A condensation reaction between the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

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4
Q

What polymer is made of amino acids?

A

Polypeptides (proteins)

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5
Q

What bonds form between amino acids?

A

Peptide

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6
Q

How can be amino acids be separated?

A

Paper chromatography

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7
Q

Why can amino acids be separated by paper chromatography?

A

Different amino acids have a different mass/charge
The smallest will move the furthest

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8
Q

What is a polypeptide?

A

A protein

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9
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein?

A

The sequence of amino acids

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10
Q

What determines the primary structure of a protein?

A

The base sequence of DNA

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11
Q

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

A

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet formed by hydrogen bonding

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12
Q

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

A

3d structure formed by ionic bonds/hydrogen bonds/disulphide bridges

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13
Q

Why is the tertiary structure of a protein significant?

A

As it determines the shape of a protein which can impact its function

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14
Q

What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

A

2 or more polypeptide chains

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15
Q

Give examples of proteins with a quaternary structure.

A

Haemoglobin and antibodies

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