Urogenital II (20) Flashcards
Dr. Center
What is the vulva? It is located [dorsal/ventral] to the anus
the exterior opening of the reproductive tract
ventral
Where is the labia located?
laterally by the labia on either side that meet dorsally and ventrally to the commissures
How should a normal vulva be oriented?
dorsal to ventral
in vertical fashion
T/F: Swelling of the vulva is always indicative of pathology
FALSE - can be a normal sign of estrus
What is the perineum? What is in it?
the area ventral to the tail and
dorsal to the ventral commissure of the vulva
the vulva
What is assessed in a breeding soundness exam in mares?
the conformation of the vulva
What is considered poor conformation in a breeding soundness exam?
vulva being recessed towards the anus
Which species is breeding soundness exams considered more important?
mares
What is a windsucker, i.e. pneumovagina? Which species? What surgery corrects this?
conformational defect of the mare
the vulvar lips do properly appose, allowing air to be sucked into the vagina
Caslick’s surgery
Which vaginal conformation can lead to fecal contamination of the vagina?
windsucker
Which is the nerve of importance during an epidural?
pudendal nerve
Where does the pudendal nerve provide innervation to? Sensory/motor/both?
sensory: rectum, internal, and external reproductive, and perineal skin
motor: striated perineal musculature
The pudendal nerve arises from the ______ in ruminants and the _____ in horses
ruminants: S2-S4
horses: S[2]3-S4
Where are caudal epidurals placed?
sacrococcygeal space (S5-C1)
or the first coccygeal space (C1-C2)
Where do caudal epidurals provide analgesia to?
the tail, vagina, vulva, anus and rectum
also caudal prepuce in males
Which kind of epidural is used for procedures involved using the cranial abdomen?
lumbosacral epidural given within the lumbosacral space
Which spaces do 1 and 2 indicate?
- sacrococcygeal space
- lumbosacral space
What are the internal structures of female genitalia?
ovary
uterine tube
uterine horn
uterine body
cervx
vagina
Label the numbers
- ovary
- uterine tube
- uterine horn
- uterine body
- cervix
- vagina
What is the proper ligament of the ovary?
holds ovary in place to uterine horn
What is the significance of the vaginal part of the cervix in mares?
where cervix protrudes into vaginal vault
What is 1’?
proper ligament of the ovary
What separates the vagina and vestibule?
urethral orifice
Label 6, 7, 8, 9, 9’, and 10
- vaginal part of the cervix
- fornix
- vagina
- vestibule
9’ wall of the vestibule - vulva