Urogenital III (21) - End E2 Flashcards
Dr. Center
What is the orientation of the stallion scrotum?
oriented horizontally
What is the orientation of the ruminant scrotum?
oriented vertically, pendulous
What is the orientation of the boar scrotum?
oriented vertically, held tight to the body
What is a fibroelastic penis? Which species?
high connective tissue content
will remain firm even when not erect
ruminant and boar
What is a musculocavernous penis? Which species?
low connective tissue content
will be flaccid when not erect
horses and carnivores
Is this a musculocavernous or fibroelastic penis?
musculocavernosus
Is this a musculocavernous or fibroelastic penis?
fibroelastic
When assessing the testicles in bulls during a breeding soundness exam, what is normal?
testes equal in size
should be firm but not squishy
should move freely within the scrotum and be oriented vertically
When assessing the testicles in stallions during a breeding soundness exam, what is normal?
testes should move freely within the scrotum
the scrotal skin should be soft and pliable
testes should measure at least 8cm wide
What is this structure?
urethral process of bull or ram
What structure on the penis should be broken down around the time of birth. If still present, which precautions should you take?
frenulum
do not breed this animal
Where are the testicles located before descent?
caudal to the kidneys (caudal pole of the kidneys)
retroperitoneal between the peritoneum and body wall
What passes ventrally through the inguinal canal into the scrotum before the testicle and epididymis?
the gubernaculum (attached to the caudal pole of the testicle)
What is this image illustrating?
the descent of the testicles
originates at the caudal pole of the kidneys and makes its way to the scrotum by passage through the inguinal canal
As the testicle moves through the inguinal canal, it picks up the ______ and _______ of the inner and outer abdominal wall. These then become the ______ once outside the abdomen
parietal peritoneum
fascial layers
vaginal tunic
What is the inguinal canal?
the potential space between the flesh of the internal abdominal oblique and the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique
Where is the deep inguinal ring found?
the free edge of the internal abdominal oblique
Where is the superficial inguinal ring found?
lies between the pelvic and abdominal tendons of the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle
The gubernaculum after it descends becomes the ______
scrotal ligament
Label 1-4
- testicle
- gubernaculum
- vaginal process
- testicular artery
When do testicles descend for ruminants and pigs?
before birth
When do testicles descend for carnivores?
slightly after birth