4.2 Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards
Where are water soluble vitamins absorbed?
bloodstream
What are the watersoluble vitamins?
8 B vitamins
vitamin C
Why must the water soluble vitamins be consumed daily?
limited storage in the body
How can water soluble vitamins be destroyed?
excessive cooking
improper handling
heat
light
exposure to air
What are the B vitamins?
riboflavin
thiamin
niacin
pantothenic acid
biotin
vitamin B6
vitamin B12
pyroxidine
What is the main function of water soluble vitamins?
act as coenzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What are coenzymes?
small molecules that bind to inactive enzymes and activate them
What is commonly fortified with B vitamins?
cereal and grains
How much B vitamin is absorbed in the small intestine?
50-90%
What is bioavailability?
amount of a vitamin that is absorbed and available to the body
Why is there little risk of a vitamin B deficiency?
high bioavailability
high abundance in foods
What is thiamine?
coenzymes for the release of energy from carbohydrates; works with enzymes to promote the metabolism of glucose
What is a thiamine deficiency known as?
beriberi
What is the result of a thiamin deficiency and what are the symptoms?
glucose cannot be metabolized leading to weakness, loss of appetite, irritability, poor arm and leg coordination, enlarged heart, and severe edema
What are sources of thiamin?
pork
legumes
milk
orange juice
organ meats
grains
