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Nutrition > 4.2 Water Soluble Vitamins Part 3 > Flashcards

4.2 Water Soluble Vitamins Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is folate?

A

functions as a coenzyme in DNA synthesis and cell division as well as metabolizing amino acids and homocysteine

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2
Q

What are sources of folate?

A

meats
fish
eggs
milk

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3
Q

What can a deficiency in folate lead to?

A

megaloblastic anemia
neural tube defects

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4
Q

What are symptoms of folate deficiency?

A

depression
mental confusion
poor growth
diarrhea
altered nerve function

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5
Q

What is megaloblastic anemia?

A

abnormally large red blood cells; never dividing red blood cells due to impairment of proper DNA synthesis

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6
Q

What is anencephaly?

A

lack of a brain

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7
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

improper developmeent of the spinal cord where it fails to close completely and bulges out the back

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8
Q

How much folate should pregnant women consume?

A

400 mcg/day

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9
Q

Who is at risk for folate deficiency?

A

pregnant women
alcoholics
older adults

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10
Q

Wat is folic acid?

A

synthetic form of folate

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11
Q

What is the upper limit of folate intake?

A

1000 mcg/day

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12
Q

What form of folate can cause toxicity?

A

synthetic form

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13
Q

What can overconsumption of folate mask?

A

vitamin B12 deficiency

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14
Q

What is the major function of vitamin B12?

A

convert folate coenzyme to the active form needed for DNA synthesis

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15
Q

What are the secondary functions of vitamin B12?

A

important in homocysteine metabolism and in maintaining the myelin sheaths

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16
Q

Unlike the other vitamins, what causes vitamin B12 deficiency?

A

poor absorption

17
Q

What is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption?

A

intrinsic factor

18
Q

What is intrinsic factor?

A

glycoprotein produced in the stomach necessary for vitamin B12 absorption

19
Q

What are the two types of anemia that can occur from a vitamin B12 deficiency?

A
  1. megaloblastic anemia
  2. pernicious anemia
20
Q

What is megaloblastic anemia in relation to vitamin B12?

A

without B12, conversion of folate coenzymes to the active form to support proper DNA synthesis does not occur

Nutrition (52 decks)

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