Chpt. 10 study guide

Question 1

Intrinsic motivation vs. Extrinsic motivation

Answer 1

a. intrinsic motivation come from your own personal motives. Its done because of personal enjoyment and not for others validation

b. extrinsic motivation comes from outside motives. Its done because of others validation.

Question 2

Instinct theory of motivation

Answer 2

-proposed by william james
- behavior is driven by your instincts

Question 3

Drive theory

Answer 3

states that when your body is not in homeostasis a need results which creates a drive to bring us back in balance. Ex. if you’re thirsty you get the urge to drink water

Question 4

Arousal theory

Answer 4

we have an innate need for a certain level of arousal.

Question 5

Social learning theory

Answer 5

• suggest ways that social behavior is learned
• includes reinforcement, punishment and modeling
• parents, peers, schools, and media influence gender roles on children.

Question 6

cannon-bard theory

Answer 6

emotions occur simultaneously with their physiological components.
ex. we experienced fear so our heart rate increased

Question 7

James-lange theory

Answer 7

Our body has an immediate physical response and the experience of emotion follows.
Ex. your heart rate increased so you became nervous.

Question 8

Schacter’s or two-factor theory

Answer 8

when physical reactions occur we look at our environment to figure out why that arousal is occurring, then we attach an emotion to it.
ex. my heart reacted when i saw it and I decided that was fear
-bad because doesn’t talk about specific physical features associated with emotions, like how we don’t get butterflies when we are grossed out

Question 9

cognitive theory on managing anger

Answer 9

anger is caused by our reaction to frustrating or provocative situations

Question 10

Productivity and levels of arousal

Answer 10

• low productivity tasks require a high amount of arousal
• high productivity tasks require a low amount of arousal

Question 11

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 11

1. self-actualization
2. esteem
3. belongingness and love
4. safety
5. physiological

Question 12

Area of the brain involved in ability to engage in sexual behavior but doesn’t affect sexual motivation

Answer 12

Medial preoptic area

Question 13

Area of the brain involved in motivation for sexual behavior and doesn’t affect the ability to engage in it

Answer 13

1. Amygdala
2. Nucleus accumbens

Question 14

Gender vs. Sex

Answer 14

a. gender refers to the cultural and psychological meanings associated with men and women

b. sex is the biological category of male and female

Question 15

Socialization

Answer 15

teaching children the unwritten rules of society

Question 16

3 gender differenes

Answer 16

1. actual gender differences like the timing of puberty
2. gender roles
3. gender stereotypes

Question 17

Physiological arousal vs. Psychological arousal vs. subjective experience

Answer 17

a. physiological arousal you can feel, like your heart racing

b. psychological arousal you think, like feeling nervous because you are thinking about it

c. subjective experience you show, like your body language

Question 18

limbic system

Answer 18

• involved in mediating emotional response and memory
• hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus

Question 19

display rules

Answer 19

cultural customs and norms that regulate the display of emotions, like gestures and rules for gender